Evaluation of production conditions of tomato grafted with different tobacco rootstocks and determining nicotine content and quality of fruit | Ovrednotenje pridelovalnih razmer paradižnika cepljenega na različne podlage tobaka in določitev vsebnosti nikotina in kakovosti plodov

Inglés. This study aimed to investigate the effects of grafting tomato on different tobacco rootstocks on quality factors and nicotine content. The commercial variety (Solanum lycopersicum ‘H2274’) (BIOTECH) of the tomato was used as the scion plant, and six different tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) rootstocks were used: Taşova, Tekel, Muş, Samsun, Dişbudak, Hasankeyf cultivars. Cleft grafting method was used in all plants. Yield of non-grafted and grafted plants grown in open-field conditions was calculated, and there was a significant increase in yield in grafted tomatoes compared to non-grafted tomatoes. There was significantly increased lycopene and β-carotene levels (mg kg-1), especially in ‘Tekel’, ‘Taşova’, ‘Samsun’, and ‘Hasankeyf’ tobacco grafts. There was a statistically significant difference between grafted and non-grafted plants according to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical retention capacities and total phenol (TP) values. Evaluation of quality determinants including pH values, titratable acidity values (citric acid %), soluble solid content (SSC)(oBrix) , fruit size ratios, showed that tomatoes grafted with ‘Muş’ tobacco rootstock were of higher quality. There was no significant difference between grafted and non-grafted plants according to nicotine analysis of the tobacco-grafted tomatoes, and due to acceptable ranges of nicotin level on tobacco grafted tomato plants were considered to be suitable for consumption. It could be concluded that grafting practices have significantly positive effects on tomato yield and quality.

Esloveno. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti vplive cepljenja paradižnika na različne podlage tobaka glede na vsebnost nikotina in kakovost plodov. Kot cepič je bila uporabljena komercialna sorta paradižnika Solanum lycopersicum ‘H2274’ (BIOTECH), kot podlaga pa šest sort tobaka (Nicotiana tabacum L.): Taşova, Tekel, Muş, Samsun, Dişbudak, Hasankeyf. V vseh primerih je bila uporabljena metoda cepljenja v precep. Izmerjen je bil pridelek cepljenih in necepljenih rastlin, ki so rastle na prostem. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so imele cepljene rastline značilno večji pridelek kot necepljene. Vsebnosti likopena in β-karotena (mg kg-1) so se značilno povečale, še posebej pri paradižniku cepljenem na podlage tobaka ‘Tekel’, ‘Taşova’, ‘Samsun’, in ‘Hasankeyf’. Med cepljenimi in necepljenimi paradižniki je bila statistično značilna razlika v retencijski sposobnosti prostih radikalov z 2, 2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazilom (DPPH) in v vsebnosti celokupnih fenolov (TP). Ovrednotenje kakovostnih parametrov, vključno s pH, vsebnostjo titrabilnih kislin (kot odstotek citronske kisline), topnih snovi (SSC) (oBrix), velikostjo plodov, je pokazalo, da so imeli paradižniki cepljeni na podlago tobaka ‘Muş’večjo kakovost. Med cepljenimi in necepljenimi paradižniki ni bilo značilne razlike v vsebnosti nikotina, tudi vsebnost nikotina na tobak cepljenih paradižnikov je bila na sprejemljivi ravni in so bili primerni za uživanje. Zaključimo lahko, da ima cepljenje paradižnikov na podlage tobaka značilno pozitivne učinke na pridelek paradižnika in njegovo kakovost.