Fitness evaluation of Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menetries) (Col.: Coccinellidae) fed on different diets | Ocena reprodukcijske uspešnosti pri Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menetries) (Col.: Coccinellidae) po različnih prehranskih dietah

Inglés. Due to the importance of coccinellid predators as biological control agents of insect pests, the effects of different factitious and artificial diets on reproductive parameters of Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menetries) were studied under laboratory conditions (26±1ºC, 60±5% relative air humidity and a photoperiod of 16h light : 8 h dark). In this study, various combinations of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) eggs, bee pollen, cysts of Artemia urmiana Günther and lyophilized artificial diet were used. All diets affected fitness parameters of the ladybeetle. The adult weight (12.00±1.30 mg), fecundity (725±29.31 eggs), oviposition rate (15.72±0.85 eggs), fertility (4.86±0.34 larvae) and number of egg clusters (66.16±2.87) were higher on unlimited E. kuehniella eggs plus pollen (UEkP) than those on the other diets. The adults lived longer when fed on EkPLd (the E. kuehniella eggs plus pollen and a mixture of lyophilized diet) and UEkP diets (58.57±2.38 and 62.77±3.64 days, respectively) than when fed on the other offered diets. More eggs were hatched when adults reared on EkPLd and EkLd (the E. kuehniella eggs plus a mixture of lyophilized diet) diets(36.44±1.93 and 40.01±2.58 %, respectively). The parameter values were increased when the E. kuehniella eggs were used in a mix with bee pollen and artificial lyophilized diet and resulted in producing the heavier adults with longer longevity and more fertile eggs. Certainly, the diet will be more cost-effective than natural prey for mass production of the predatory coccinellid, O. conglobata contaminata.

Esloveno. Polonice predstavljajo pomemben naraven način za kontroliranje in zatiranje škodljivcev. V tej raziskavi so preučevali vpliv prehrane na razmnoževanje povrste polonice Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menetries) v laboratorijskih razmerah (26±1 ºC, 60±5 % zračne vlage in fotoperiodo 16 h svetlobe : 8 h teme). Prirast polonic so spremljali po uporabi različnih diet; kombinacije jajc močne vešče Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller), cvetni prah (osmukanec), čisti solinski rakec Artemia urmiana in liofilizirana umetna hrana iz mletega govejega mesa, jeter kokoši, jajčnega rumenjaka in raztopine saharoze. Najboljša prehrana je bila tista, ki je vključevala neomejeno količino jajc močne vešče in cvetni prah. V primeru tovrstne prehrane so imeli odrasli osebki večjo telesno maso (12.00±1.30 mg), celotno število jajc (725±29.31), hitrost odlaganja jajc (15.72±0.85 jajc/dan), in število izleženih larv/dan (4.86±0.34). Odrasli, ki so bili hranjeni z dieto jajca vešče in mešanica liofilizirane hrane (EkPLd) in neomejeno količino jajca vešče in cvetnega prahu (UEkP) so živeli dlje (58.57±2.38 in 62.77±3.64 dni v primeru EkPLd in UEkP) kot ostale skupine. V primeru diet EkPLd ter jajc vešče in liofilizirane hrane (EkLd) se je izleglo za 36.44±1.93 in 40.01±2.58 % več jajc. Vsi testirani parametri so bili povečani v primeru, ko so bile živali hranjene z jajci vešče, cvetnim prahom in umetno liofilizirano prehrano. V tem primeru so bili odrasli osebki težji, z daljšo dobo preživetja in večjim številom oplojenih jajc. Uporaba umetnih diet je ekonomsko bolj ugodna kot uporaba naravne hrane.