Influence of in vitro propagation on the economically important traits of strawberry cv. Marmolada | Vpliv in vitro razmnozevanja na ekonomsko pomembne lastnosti jagod cv. Marmolada

Inglés. In vitro propagation of strawberries is a promising alternative to traditional propagation, since it provides better sanitary status of plants. The possibility of somaclonal variation presents one of the drawbacks of this method, but this phenomena can be minimised by the choice of optimal tissue culture procedure. To evaluate the influence of in vitro growing on economically important traits of strawberry cv. Marmolada, rooted plants were produced in vitro from a long term and from a newly established culture. These plants were used as mother plants for short multiplication in the field.Vegetative and generative traits of their runner plants were compared with conventionally produced cold storage plants and plants derived directly from tissue culture. Statistically significant differences were observed among different plant types in the number of runners per plant,number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. The most pronounced differences were observed in the number of fruits per plant and in the yield per plant. Plants obtained directly from tissue culture were almost twice as productive as conventionally produced cold storage plants. Conventionally produced cold storage plants had statistically significantly higher yields and fruit number per plant than runner plants derived from micropropagated mother plants. High yields of plants obtained directly from in vitro were mainly the results oftheir significantly prolonged ripening.

Esloveno. In vitro razmnozevanje jagod predstavlja zanimivo alternativo klasicnemu razmnozevanju, saj zagotavlja boljse zdravstveno stanje sadik. Somaklonska variabilnost je lahko omejujoc dejavnik pri uveljavljanju mikrorazmnozevanja jagod, vendar lahko z izbiro optimalne in vitrotehnike ta pojav znizamo na minimum. Za ugotavljanje vpliva in vitro gojenja na ekonomsko pomembne lastnostijagod cv. Marmolada smo vzgojili ukoreninjene rastlinice izdolgotrajne in novo inicirane kulture te sorte in jih posadili v maticni nasad. Vegetativne in generativne lastnosti njihovih hcerinskih rastlin smoprimerjali z vegetativnimi in generativnimi lastnostrni standardno vzgojenih hlajenih sadik in rastlin, posajenih v poskus neposredno iz tldvnekulture. Med razlicnimi tipi sadik smo ugotovili statisticno znacilne razlike v stevilu zivic na rastlino, stevilu cvetov na grm, stevilu plodov nagrm in pridelku na grm. Najvecje razlike smo opazili v stevilu plodov na grm in pridelku na grm. Rastline, izvirajoce neposredno iz tkivne kulture, so imele skoraj enkrat vecji pridelek v primerjavi s standardno vzgojenimi hlajenimi sadikami. Te so v stevilu plodov na grm in v pridelku na grm statisticno znacilno presegle hcerinske rastline maticnih rastlin, vzgojenih in vitro. Visoki pridelki rastlin, posajenih neposredno iz in vitro pogojev, so bili predvsem posledica njihovega mocno podaljsanega zorenja.