Design and Psychometric Analysis of the COVID-19 Prevention, Recognition and Home-Management Self-Efficacy Scale
2020
José Manuel Hernández-Padilla | José Granero-Molina | María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández | Iria Dobarrio-Sanz | María Mar López-Rodríguez | Isabel María Fernández-Medina | Matías Correa-Casado | Cayetano Fernández-Sola
In order to control the spread of COVID-19, people must adopt preventive behaviours that can affect their day-to-day life. People&rsquo:s self-efficacy to adopt preventive behaviours to avoid COVID-19 contagion and spread should be studied. The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test the COVID-19 prevention, detection, and home-management self-efficacy scale (COVID-19-SES). We conducted an observational cross-sectional study. Six-hundred and seventy-eight people participated in the study. Data were collected between March and May 2020. The COVID-19-SES&rsquo: validity (content, criterion, and construct), reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), and legibility were studied. The COVID-19-SES&rsquo: reliability was high (Cronbach&rsquo:s alpha = 0.906: intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.754). The COVID-19-SES showed good content validity (scale&rsquo:s content validity index = 0.92) and good criterion validity when the participants&rsquo: results on the COVID-19-SES were compared to their general self-efficacy (r = 0.38: p <: 0.001). Construct validity analysis revealed that the COVID-19-SES&rsquo: three-factor structure explained 52.12% of the variance found and it was congruent with the World Health Organisation&rsquo:s recommendations to prevent COVID-19 contagion and spread. Legibility analysis showed that the COVID-19-SES is easy to read and understand by laypeople. The COVID-19-SES is a psychometrically robust instrument that allows for a valid and reliable assessment of people&rsquo:s self-efficacy in preventing, detecting symptoms, and home-managing COVID-19.
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