Fungi Associated with Horse-Chestnut Leaf Miner Moth Cameraria ohridella Mortality
2021
Irena Nedveckytė | Dalė Pečiulytė | Vincas Būda
The total mortality of the leaf-miner horse-chestnut pest, Cameraria ohridella, collected in nature, and the mortality associated with mycoses were assessed under laboratory conditions in stages: for eggs mortality rates of 9.78% and 61.97% were found, respectively: for caterpillars, 45.25% and 5.59%, respectively: and for pupae 21.22% and 100%, respectively. At the egg stage, Cladosporus cladosporioides caused mycosis most often (27% of all mycoses): at the caterpillar stage there was no pronounced predominant fungus species: at the pupal stage both Cordyceps fumosorosea and Beauveria bassiana (32% and 31%, respectively) were most dominant: whereas at the adult stage Lecanicillum aphanocladii (43%) were most dominant. C. ohridella moths remained the most vulnerable during the pupal and caterpillar stages. Maximum diversity of fungi associated with the leaf-miner moth was reached during the period of development inside the chestnut leaf (Shannon&ndash:Wiener index&mdash:H&prime: = 2.608 at the caterpillar stage, H&prime: = 2.619 at the pupal stage), while the minimum was reached in the adult stage (H&prime: = 1.757). In the caterpillar and pupa stages, saprophytic fungi were most often recorded. Comparative laboratory tests revealed novel properties of the fungus L. aphanocladii, its effectiveness as the leaf-miner moth&lsquo:s entomopathogen and its suitability for field application trials while developing environment-friendly methods for horse-chestnut pest control.
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