Dietary Fatty Acids Contribute to Maintaining the Balance between Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Responses during Pregnancy
2023
Valeria Policastro | Dario Righelli | Lucilla Ravà | Pamela Vernocchi | Marzia Bianchi | Cristina Vallone | Fabrizio Signore | Melania Manco
Background: During pregnancy, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is essential for ensuring healthy outcomes. Dietary Fatty acids may modulate inflammation. Methods: We investigated the association between dietary fatty acids as profiled on red blood cells membranes and a few pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including the adipokines leptin and adiponectin at ~38 weeks in 250 healthy women. Results: We found a number of associations, including, but not limited to those of adiponectin with C22:3/C22:4 (coeff &minus:1.44: p = 0.008), C18:1 c13/c14 (coeff 1.4: p = 0.02): endotoxin with C20:1 (coeff &minus:0.9: p = 0.03), C22:0 (coeff &minus:0.4: p = 0.05): MCP-1 with C16:0 (coeff 0.8: p = 0.04): and ICAM-1 with C14:0 (coeff &minus:86.8: p = 0.045). Several cytokines including leptin were associated with maternal body weight (coeff 0.9: p = 2.31 ×: 10&minus:5), smoking habits (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 133.3: p = 0.09), or gestational diabetes (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 688: p = 0.06). Conclusions: In a general cohort of pregnant women, the intake of fatty acids influenced the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules together with weight gain, smoking habits, and gestational diabetes.
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