Relationship Between Urbanization–Induced Land Use Changes and Flood Risk: Case Study in Chiang Mai, Thailand
2025
Zhaolong Gu | Sartsin Phakdimek | Kozo Nagami | Daisuke Komori
Urban flooding has long been a critical issue, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions of developing countries, where land use changes&mdash:especially the conversion of rice paddies into urban areas&mdash:have significantly increased flood risks. This study investigated the impact of urbanization on flood risk taking Chiang Mai, Thailand, as a case study. Based on historical flood data, the study identified and analyzed frequent flood&ndash:prone areas in Chiang Mai during the period from 1990 to 2018. By integrating the Rainfall&ndash:Runoff&ndash:Inundation (RRI) model simulation results and the remote sensing data, the research quantified dynamics in flood risk, exposure, and vulnerability across these frequent flood&ndash:prone areas. The findings demonstrated that the conversion of high&ndash:exposure paddy fields into urban areas markedly elevated area flood risks, primarily due to the reduction in water retention capacity and the inheritance of the high&ndash:exposure characteristics of paddy fields. This study highlighted the importance of integrating sustainable urban planning and land management strategies in rapidly urbanizing regions. Furthermore, this study examined the feasibility of adopting flood characteristics quantification in frequent flood&ndash:prone areas as a systematic approach to analyze the dynamic interplay between flood risks and urbanization in developing countries.
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