Evaluation of Aflatoxin M1 Effects on the Metabolomic and Cytokinomic Profiling of a Hepatoblastoma Cell Line
2018
Silvia Marchese | Angela Sorice | Andrea Ariano | Salvatore Florio | Alfredo Budillon | Susan Costantini | Lorella Severino
Hepatoblastoma incidence has been associated with different environmental factors even if no data are reported about a correlation between aflatoxin exposure and hepatoblastoma initiation. Considering that hepatoblastoma develops in infants and children and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) hydroxylated metabolite, can be present in mothers&rsquo: milk and in marketed milk products, in this study we decided to test the effects of AFM1 on a hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2). Firstly, we evaluated the effects of AFM1 on the cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and metabolomic and cytokinomic profile of HepG2 cells after treatment. AFM1 induced: (1) a decrease of HepG2 cell viability, reaching IC50 at 9 µ:M: (2) the blocking of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase: (3) the decrease of formiate levels and incremented level of some amino acids and metabolites in HepG2 cells after treatment: and (4) the increase of the concentration of three pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-&alpha:, and the decrease of the anti-inflammatory interleukin, IL-4. Our results show that AFM1 inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells, inducing both a modulation of the lipidic, glycolytic, and amino acid metabolism and an increase of the inflammatory status of these cells.
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