Heart Rate and Oxygen Uptake During Recovery from High-Intensity Interval Training: A Retrospective Analysis
2025
Todd A. Astorino | Gregory C. Bogdanis | Eduardo C. Costa
Background: Increases in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇:O2max) occur with high-intensity interval training (HIIT), partially due to an extended duration spent at or near maximal V̇:O2 or heart rate (HRmax). HIIT induces a delay in HR and V̇:O2 during exercise, leading to consistently high HR/V̇:O2 values in recovery between intervals. Purpose: This study compared the V̇:O2 and HR response between exercise and recovery to various cycling HIIT protocols using data from seven prior studies. Methods: Healthy, active men and women (N = 104, age and V̇:O2max 24 ±: 5 yr and 40 ±: 7 mL/kg/min) underwent HIIT protocols having different durations (30&ndash:60 s), intensities (70&ndash:85 percent of maximal workload (%Wmax), and recovery periods (10&ndash:75 s). V̇:O2, HR, and blood lactate concentration (BLa) were assessed. Results: Across studies, peak HR was equal to 90.7 ±: 6.2% HRmax. Results showed no significant difference in mean HR (159 ±: 14 vs. 160 ±: 15 b/min, p = 0.48) or V̇:O2 (1.97 ±: 0.47 vs. 1.98 ±: 0.48 L/min, p = 0.82) between exercise and recovery. Conclusions: These data show elevated V̇:O2 and HR during recovery from HIIT, suggesting a substantial, sustained load on the cardiovascular system in recovery from interval exercise.
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