5-AzaC Facilitates Somatic Embryogenesis and Germination Across Two Embryogenic Lines in Larix olgensis
2025
Wenna Zhao | Yu Liu | Chen Wang | Yajing Ning | Chengpeng Cui | Hanguo Zhang | Meng Li | Shujuan Li
Long-term subculture of embryogenic callus leads to a decline in somatic embryogenesis and germination capacity, which may be associated with increased methylation levels. 5-Azacytidine (5-AzaC), a methylation inhibitor, modulates DNA methylation and is widely involved in regulating plant growth, development, and metabolism. In order to investigate the effect of 5-AzaC on somatic embryogenesis and germination in Larix olgensis, we supplemented the proliferation medium with different concentrations of 5-AzaC. The results showed that the addition of 5-AzaC inhibited the proliferation of embryogenic callus, with the proliferation of embryogenic line N2 completely inhibited at 100 &mu:M, while that of embryogenic line N4 ceased at 20 &mu:M. In contrast, treatment with 10 &mu:M and 20 &mu:M of 5-AzaC significantly increased the somatic embryo yield in both embryogenic lines, with the peak yield observed at 20 &mu:M for embryogenic line N2 and at 10 &mu:M for embryogenic line N4. Furthermore, the addition of 10 &mu:M 5-AzaC effectively reduced the deformity rate during somatic embryo germination in embryogenic line N2 and N4, by 15.91% and 13.53%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that 5-AzaC can partially restore the somatic embryogenesis potential of embryogenic callus in L. olgensis under long-term subculture. Additionally, these results suggest that its effects may be both concentration-dependent and genotype-specific. The results provide a potential approach to mitigating the decline in embryogenic competence, while also demonstrating significant potential for large-scale propagation.
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