Production of an Extract with β-1,4-Xylanase Activity by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>melonis</i> on a Sonicated Brewer’s Spent Grain Substrate
2025
Irma A. Arreola-Cruz | Rosalba Troncoso-Rojas | Francisco Vásquez-Lara | Nina G. Heredia-Sandoval | Alma R. Islas-Rubio
The <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> species commonly found in soil include plant and human pathogens, and nonpathogenic species. <i>F. oxysporum</i> grown on lignocellulosic substrates under submerged conditions produces an extracellular enzyme profile with hemicellulolytic and cellulolytic activities. Our aim was to produce an extract of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>melonis</i> with β-1,4-xylanase activity after fermentation on a Brewers’ spent grain (BSG)-containing substrate. We prepared the BSG substrate, with or without sonication, for the submerged fermentation of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> previously isolated from local soil and preserved at 4 °C. First, an enriched inoculum was prepared, and later, the production of β-1,4-xylanase using the BSG substrates was monitored for up to 6 or 10 days in the enriched inoculum or in the enzyme extract, respectively. An activity of β-1,4-xylanase 12.0 U/mL (day 3) was obtained in the enriched inoculum with the untreated BSG, remaining constant for 3 days. A significant increase in the activity of this enzyme was observed (day 6), especially in the extract obtained using the sonicated BSG substrate (39 U/mL). Applying ultrasound to the BSG before its use in a submerged fermentation with <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>melonis</i> could be an alternative for producing β-1,4-xylanase.
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