Пространствено вариране на параметрите на засоляването на мониторинговата мрежа за изследване на Засолени почви „Кермен | Spatial Variability of Soil Salinity Parameters in the Area of Monitoring Network for Study of Saline Soils “Kermen”

Búlgaro. Saline soils in Bulgaria occupy an area of over 36 000 ha, or more than 0.6% of the arable land and over 2.5 percent of the irrigated areas. Potentially saline soils are much higher. Despite the small percentage they represent a problem for our agriculture. Growing importance of the fact that their distribution is in the form of spots among fertile soils subject of intensive farming and more important areas are affected. Salinity areas are with to improper drainage and irrigation. There is a need to update the knowledge about the distribution and evolution of soil formation processes in saline soils in the locality of Kermen.Objectives: Determination of the spatial variation of parameters related with soil salinity – pH, content of exchangeable and water soluble sodium, EC, salts etc. Based on the used soil-climatic information in the town of Kermen a soil monitoring network was established. Currently, the network consists of 30 points. Statistics treatment of data showed that higher coefficient of variation has sodium – 150% and salts content – 109%. For other studied parameters it was less than 20%. Strong correlations exist between salts content, sodium and pH of soil. In the 30 soil samples from Kermen values obtained for pH in H2O ranged from 4.8 to 9.3. Prevalence is between 7.0 and 8.0, i.e. most of soils samples have a neutral to slightly alkaline. Exchangeable sodium content was between 0.21 and 18.65 meq.100 g-1. Salts content varied between 0.01 and 0.49 g.100 g-1.Strong correlation of spatial variability was observed between relief and a parameter related to salinity – soil reaction. In lowest place the hydromorphic processes are stronger. It is reflected of spatial distribution of sodium content, salts content, EC and pH.

Inglés. Saline soils in Bulgaria occupy an area of over 36 000 ha, or more than 0.6% of the arable land and over 2.5 percent of the irrigated areas. Potentially saline soils are much higher. Despite the small percentage they represent a problem for our agriculture. Growing importance of the fact that their distribution is in the form of spots among fertile soils subject of intensive farming and more important areas are affected. Salinity areas are with to improper drainage and irrigation. There is a need to update the knowledge about the distribution and evolution of soil formation processes in saline soils in the locality of Kermen.Objectives: Determination of the spatial variation of parameters related with soil salinity – pH, content of exchangeable and water soluble sodium, EC, salts etc. Based on the used soil-climatic information in the town of Kermen a soil monitoring network was established. Currently, the network consists of 30 points. Statistics treatment of data showed that higher coefficient of variation has sodium – 150% and salts content – 109%. For other studied parameters it was less than 20%. Strong correlations exist between salts content, sodium and pH of soil. In the 30 soil samples from Kermen values obtained for pH in H2O ranged from 4.8 to 9.3. Prevalence is between 7.0 and 8.0, i.e. most of soils samples have a neutral to slightly alkaline. Exchangeable sodium content was between 0.21 and 18.65 meq.100 g-1. Salts content varied between 0.01 and 0.49 g.100 g-1.Strong correlation of spatial variability was observed between relief and a parameter related to salinity – soil reaction. In lowest place the hydromorphic processes are stronger. It is reflected of spatial distribution of sodium content, salts content, EC and pH.