Assessment of Agronomic and Physiological Traits in Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Soil Salinity Stress
2025
Somayyeh RAZZAGHI
High soil salinity is a common abiotic stress factor that seriously affects crop production, particularly in semi-arid regions of the world. In order to investigate the effect of soil salinity stress on agronomic and physiological traits of bread wheat genotypes, two field experiments were conducted in the 2014-2015 growing season at two different locations in a randomized complete block design (RCB) with three replications. The first study site was located at the Agricultural Research Center in Miandoab city (Soil EC: 7.1 dS m-1), and the second study site was in the protected area of Rashakan Environmental Reserve (Soil EC: 8.2 dS m-1). Both study sites were located in the West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. The experiment included 14 bread wheat genotypes, comprising seven commercial varieties and seven promising lines. Several physiological traits and yield components were measured, including chlorophyll content, grain weight, and harvest index. Soil salinity stress had a statistically significant effect on agronomic and physiological traits of wheat genotypes. All studied wheat traits in Rashkan showed a lower range compared to Miandoab. Among the studied cultivars, the cultivar Ofogh (1421 kg ha-1) and among the studied genotypes, the genotype MS-89-13 (2038 kg ha-1) showed the highest grain yield. Therefore, these results indicated that Ofogh and MS-89-13 have the potential to be cultivated in saline soils. The genotypes MS-89-8 and MS-89-10 showed lower yield under saline conditions.
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