The study examined the effect of vitamin C on apoptotic testicular germ cells in experimentally induced cryporchidism in the male rabbits .Oral administration of vitamin C (10 mg. kg body weight)for 8 weeks to rabbits showed significant elevation in testis parameters in treated cryptorchid groups (TC), also significantly elevated the number of germ cells compared to un treated cryptorchid groups (CC).However, vitamin C caused significant depression in apoptotic germ cells and apoptotic tubules in treated cryptorchid groups (TC) compared to un treated cryptorchid groups (CC). vitamin C alleviated the deleterious effect of oxidative stress in cryporchidism

In this study we examined the effect of various sensitizing doses of infective Toxocara canis eggs and the trapping of larvae in different tissues of the murine host. The level of trapping increased with sensitization egg doses. Different doses of Toxocara canis eggs were given to ten groups each with five mice and then necropsied after different periods. Experimental toxocariasis in mice sacrificed at (1,2 and 3) weeks post infection showed no lesions in mice given 50, 75 and 100 Toxocara canis eggs respectively. Other groups given higher doses of T.canis eggs between (125-500 eggs) showed lesions in liver, lungs, eyes and muscles of sacrificed mice after 4 weeks of infection.

L-Arginine has hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect in Alloxan diabetic animals and reduce effect of diabetes complication on spermatogenesis. antioxidant have essential effect on spermatogenesis, L-Arginine has antioxidant and hypoglycemic effect. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus. Sixteen mature male rats aged 10 weeks ,were randomly divided into four equal groups as follows 1st diabetic group (DG) that received 150 mg/kg (IP) Alloxan single dose ;2nd group diabetic group treated with (L-Arginine-Hcl)(DAG) received 150mg/kg (IP) Alloxan as single dose plus L-Arginine-Hcl 200mg/kg(IP)-per day, 3ed group treated with(L-Arginine-Hcl)(AG) received 200mg/kg-(IP) perday ,and 4th were control group(CG) non treated .In 60 day the blood samples collected from heart to make serological parameters (glucose level) and testes removed to observe their Histopathological. Serum Glucose concentration showed a significant increase (p

The study was done to evaluate the antioxidant effects of cinnamon and vitamin C in controlling hyperglycemia and their effect on lipid profile in male rabbits in comparison with the effects of insulin therapy and control animals. Twenty four diabetic rabbits by the injection of alloxan 100 mg/kg body weight in the marginal vein of the ear. These diabetic rabbits were divided randomly into 4 groups Number of animals in each group = 6: Group 1: Was given 2 I.U/ animal of insulin subcutaneously daily. Group 2: Was given ground cinnamon orally 300 mg/kg body weight dissolved in 5 ml normal saline daily. Group 3: Was given vitamin C orally 200 mg/kg body weight dissolved in 5 ml normal saline daily. Group 4: Received orally 5 ml normal saline (0.9% Nacl) daily and considered as control group. All animal groups were treated for five weeks. Blood samples were taken from these groups weekly for biochemical analysis to estimate: Blood glucose, Lipid profile (include total cholesterol (TC), triglyglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed high glucose and lipid concentration associated with an increased oxidant stress alloxan induces on diabetic animals. The statistically analysis showed that a cinnamon and vitamin C significant (P< 0.05) reduction in glucose and lipid profile (TC, TG, HDL, LDL and VLDL) in concordance with a significant elevation in HDL (P

The blood parameters of Red Blood Cells for Barbus xanthopterus, Barbus sharpeyi and B. xanthopterus X B sharpeyi (hybrid )were mentionted. The dimentions of Red Blood Cells ( length and width) for the fish B.xanthopterus, B.sharpeyi and their hybrid were as follows: (6 and 4 microns; 5 and 3 microns; 6 and 4 microns). Hb content values for the above mentioned fish, were as follows: 5.18, 5.323 and 4 g /100 ml. PCV values for the above mentioned fish were as follows: 68.25% , 100% and 42.85714%. RBC numbers for the above fish were also mentioned as follows: 3450000, 3550000 and 3300000cell/1mm3.

Fifty samples of white cheese were collected from 3 different local market of Basra city AL-basra, (15), AL-ashar(20) and AL-jumhurya(15 ) samples respectively, After being examined by culturing on MSA media , the results reveal thate 53.33% , 50% , and 13.33% of Staph aureus were isolate from white chees respectively . Depending on the biotyping , the percentage of biotype A Staphylococcus aureus was 90% and biotype C was 10% . Antibiotic sensitivety test showed that 55% ,55% , 45% , 35% of isolates were more sensitive to Erythromycin Chloramphenicol Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin respectively

The in vitro study was compared the antibacterial activity of green tea and black tea extracts against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Green tea extract was found to have higher antimicrobial activity on MRSA with an inhibition zone of 20 mm at a concentration of 10 gm/100 ml. For black tea extract, the inhibition zone was 15 mm at same concentration .The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the green tea and black tea were 4mg/ml and 8mg/ml respectively. The in vivo study of the antimicrobial effect of both green and black tea was investigated, by subcutaneous inoculation of four rabbits with MRSA bacteria. After that immediately treated with a series dilution of tested material (green and black tea), the development of swelling and the degree of necrosis were scored. The green tea showed marked reduction in the size of swelling less than 2mm at the concentration of 10mg/ ml; also there is a marked reduction in the severity of necrosis. For black tea a marked reduction occur in the size of swelling (6-10mm) at the concentration of 10mg/100ml; also there is a marked reduction in the severity of necrosis at the same concentration. This study concludes that green and black tea extracts were showed to have an antibacterial activity against MRSA and a therapeutic effect against skin infection caused by MRSA in rabbits

In order to study the otolith (sagitta) of Liza abu (total length ranged 88-120 mm, body weight was from 7 to 9 g) and L. subviridus(total length ranged 155-205 mm, body weight was from 10 to15 g) 20 specimens of each of them were collected from local markets, sagitta was removed from head by making cross section .Some differential characteristics were observed between the two species sagitta in shape of anterior and posterior sides , notch was found in the mid of posterior margin in L.abu, while in L. subviridus the notch locates in posterioventral margin, so sagitta can be used to identify the two species

Among grow-to-finish pigs from 10 herds in Alberta and Saskatchewan, 23 (16%) of 144 fecal samples were culture-positive and 40 (28%) of 144 pigs were seropositive for Salmonella. With a Bayesian model specifying dependence between the 2 tests, the sensitivity (Se) of culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was 79% to 86%, depending on the cut-off value for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Culture specificity (Sp) was assumed to be 100%; RT-PCR Sp was found to be 94%. The ELISA Se was 76% and 51% at optical density cut-off values ≥ 20% and ≥ 40%, respectively; the Sp was 94% at each cut-off value. The model showed some sensitivity to ELISA prior information, the ELISA Se being approximately 8% lower when informative prior information was specified in the model. When there was no adjustment for dependence between culture and RT-PCR, the posterior estimates for both culture and RT-PCR Se were 11% higher than with the conditional-dependence model and had considerably narrower probability intervals, which suggests that correlation between culture and PCR is important and should be adjusted for in future studies.

Objective—To determine the mode of inheritance for cerebellar abiotrophy (CA), a neurologic disease in Arabians. Animals—804 Arabians, including 29 horses (15 males and 14 females) with CA. Procedures—Most horses (n = 755) belonged to 1 of 4 paternal families. Among the 29 CA-affected horses, all had clinical signs consistent with the disease; the disease was confirmed histologically following euthanasia in 8 horses. From the pedigree information, inbreeding coefficients were calculated for 16 affected horses and compared with coefficients for a subgroup of 16 unaffected horses. Complex segregation analysis was used to determine the effect of a putative Mendelian locus on the development of the disease and the probable mode of inheritance of CA. Results—The mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.0871 for CA-affected and unaffected horses, suggesting that all of the Arabians were inbred to the same degree and that affected horses were not more inbred than were unaffected horses. Results of the complex segregation analysis were consistent with a single Mendelian autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Knowledge of the mode of inheritance of CA should help breeders to make informed decisions regarding the selection of animals for mating when closely related horses have developed CA or produced CA-affected foals.