Este estudo investigou a manifestação do vírus da Anemia Infecciosa das Aves (VAIA) em lotes de frangos que apresentavam retardo no crescimento e aumento da mortalidade observado a partir do quarto dia de idade. Clinicamente, as aves apresentavam depresão, palidez, despigmentação e retardo de crescimento. À necropsia, as aves apresentavam lesões compatíveis com a infecção pelo vírus da Anemia infecciosa das aves (VAIA). Amostras de fígado, baço e timo foram examinadas por PCR que amplifica um frangmento de 675 pb do gene VP-1 do VAIA. Todos os órgãos examinados foram positivos para o vírus da Anemia Infecciosa das Aves. Os demais patógenos, como adenovírus, reovírus, astrovírus, vírus da doença infecciosa bursal e coronavírus aviário não foram detectados pelas diferentes técnicas laboratoriais, como sorologia, PCR ou PAGE. Os resultados mostraram que o vírus da Anemia Infecciosa das Aves (VAIA) pode manifestar-se clinicamente nos primeiros dias de vida dos frangos - um fato ainda não reportado - associado ao vírus vacinal da doença infecciosa bursal (DIB) cepa forte pode induzir um persistente retardo de crescimento, por várias semanas, em frangos.

Os linfomas estão entre as neoplasias mais frequentes na espécie canina. Do ponto de vista etiológico, epidemiológico, clínico, morfológico e imunofenotípico, os linfomas caninos apresentam muitas semelhanças com os linfomas não-Hodgkin humanos e os esquemas de classificação destes têm sido utilizados na espécie canina. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi aplicar aos linfomas caninos as classificações de Kiel, Working Formulation e Fournel-Fleury et al. (1994), em material colhido pelo método da PAAF (Punção Aspirativa por Agulha Fina). De acordo com a Classificação de Kiel, 61,02% (36 casos) das neoplasias se enquadram como de grau alto 38,98% (23 casos) como de grau baixo. Segundo a Classificação da Working Formulation, 11,86% (sete casos) foram classificados linfomas de grau baixo, 61,02% (36 casos) de grau intermediário e 27,12% (16 casos) de grau alto. Utilizando a classificação proposta por Fournel-Fleury et al. (1994), 38,98% (23 casos) dos animais que apresentaram linfomas de grau baixo e 61,02% (36 casos) de grau intermediário ou alto. Concluindo, a PAAF é um método de diagnóstico que pode ser empregado na classificação dos linfomas caninos. A classificação que mostrou melhores resultados foi a de Kiel, que tem por característica principal a ênfase nos achados citológicos.

A Medicina Veterinária Legal é uma área em crescimento devido à demanda da sociedade na coibição dos crimes contra a fauna. No Brasil, pouco se conhece acerca da magnitude deste problema. Assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a realizar um levantamento de casos em dois órgãos distintos que lidam com esta modalidade de crime em sua rotina de atendimento: o Serviço de Necropsia do Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP e o Núcleo de Análise Instrumental do Instituto de Criminalística de São Paulo (NAI/IC). Este levantamento possibilitou a visualização do perfil quantitativo e qualitativo dos casos atendidos de maus tratos praticados contra cães e gatos, no período de 2003 a 2007. Constatou-se inicialmente que o número absoluto de casos de maus tratos em cães é maior que em gatos, porém, o confronto desses números absolutos com o tamanho da respectiva população atendida pelo Serviço de Necropsia da FMVZ/USP, revelou que os gatos são animais de eleição para as práticas de maus tratos. Constatou-se ainda que o sexo do animal não é fator relevante nessa eleição, mas a idade sim. Isso pode ser devido ao fato de animais de tenra idade serem mais indefesos que animais adultos. O tipo de maus tratos mais comumente praticado, tanto em cães como em gatos, é a intoxicação intencional e, os agentes tóxicos mais utilizados nestes casos são os carbamatos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a ampla utilização dos carbamatos decorre da facilidade com que podem ser adquiridos no comércio e fornecidos aos animais.

Molecular genetic data provide powerful tools for genealogy reconstruction to reveal mechanisms underlying disease ecology. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) congregate in matriarchal groups; kin-related close social spacing may be a factor in the spread of infectious diseases. Spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disorder of deer and their cervid relatives, is presumed to be associated with direct contact between individuals and by exposure to shared food and water sources contaminated with prions shed by infected deer. Key aspects of disease ecology are yet unknown. DNA tools for pedigree reconstruction were developed to fill knowledge gaps in disease dynamics in prion-infected wild animals. Kinship indices using data from microsatellite loci and sequence haplotypes of mitochondrial DNA were employed to assemble genealogies. Molecular genealogy tools will be useful for landscape-level population genetic research and monitoring, in addition to epidemiologic studies examining transmission of CWD in captive and free-ranging cervids.

There were presented data of morphological analysis of blood and tissues from a place of vaccine administration and organs of immune system (thymus and lien) of rats vaccinated against a canicola fever of pigs by a produced in the Republic of Belarus vaccine containing in its structure various adjuvants. The vaccination was realized in combination with immunostimulative drugs. Level of specific antibodies of rats and rabbits after immunization with the analyzed preparations as well as with and without immunostimulative drugs were analysed.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were analyzed the peculiar features of morphology of bursa of Fabricius of turkeys broad-breasted white turkeys at the stage of postnatal ontogenesis. Research results showed that postnatal ontogenesis of bursa of Fabricius of turkeys developed irregularly with preservation of organ up to 220 days. At turkeys in 300-day old age the organ preserved only in 45% of bird units. Form, colour and consistency of bursa of Fabricius depended on bird age. The absolute weight of the organ increased up to 220 days. The relative weight was maximum at 20-day old age. The sexual peculiar features of the organ morphology were insignificant; they revealed after the beginning of sexual maturity and expressed by some difference in weight and linear dimensions.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was determined the influence of nutritional medium composition on pathogenic properties of leptospirosis bacteria, by an example of 6 pathogenic strains: Leptospira pomona; Leptospira tarassovi; Leptospira grippothyphosa; Leptospira icterrohaemorragia; Leptospira conicola; Leptospira hardjo. During the study there were used the following media: serum-supplemented vitaminized medium on the basis of buck serum; serum-supplemented medium with a growth factor; serum-supplemented vitaminized medium with antlbody biosynthesis growth factor; semisynthetic Russel's medium. According to the results of realized studies there was developed a correlation between terms of leptospirosis bacteria survivability in laboratory animals depending on cultivation medium. In course of the study there were analyzed terms of Leptospira persistence in guinea pigs.

The research was realized by an example on 30 chickens aged 1, 10, 20, 30 60-days old, and 10 hens: 4-months, one-year-old and 2-year-old in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. All poultry stock was maintained in the conditions of industrial production at the Gorodokskaya Poultry Farm of Vitebsk region (Belarus). As a result of the study there was revealed a certain pattern of variation of a quantity of active forms of enzymes in organs chickens of different age. Application of histochemical methods made it possible to reveal different levels of metabolic processes in cellular elements of thyroid gland, which demonstrated the habit of formation and functioning of the organ at different stages of postnatal ontogenesis in hens. Coefficients of acid phosphatase activity in thyrocytes of thyroid gland of hens and indexes of alkaline phosphatase activity in secretion forming cells were analyzed. | Исследование провели на 30 цыплятах в возрасте 1-, 10-, 20-, 30- 60-дней, и 10 курах: 4-месячные молодки, годовалые и 2-летние особи. Все поголовье птицы содержалось в условиях промышленного производства на Городокской птицефабрике Витебской области. В результаты исследований установлена определенная закономерность изменения количества активных форм ферментов в органах птиц разного возраста. Использование гистохимических методов позволило выявить разные уровни метаболических процессов в клеточных элементах щитовидной железы, которые демонстрируют характер становления и функционирования органа на разных этапах постнатального онтогенеза кур. В табличной форме представлены коэффициенты активности кислой фосфатазы в тироцитах щитовидной железы кур и показатели активности щелочной фосфатазы в секретообразующих клетках.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a morphological analysis of pectoral and leg muscles of broiler chickens of cross Cobb-500 in the process of administration of metabolic activator Catosal. Research results showed the positive influence of catosal on the myogenesis: diameter of muscle fiber, the amount of bigger diameter muscles fibers in the first order strand and homogeneity of muscle strands. Under the influence of Catosal preparation there was stated the increasing of the amount of muscle tissue in pectoral and leg parts of chicken carcass. | Приведены данные морфологических исследований грудных и ножных мышц цыплят-бройлеров кросса Кобб-500 при применении активатора метаболизма катозал. Установлено, что катозал активизирует миогенез за счет увеличения диаметра мышечных волокон, содержания в пучках первого порядка мышечных волокон большей толщины, а также большей однородности мышечных пусков. Под действием препарата происходит увеличение содержания мышечной ткани как в грудной части тушки, так и в окороках.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a comparative studying of immune reactivity of broiler chickens immunized against Marek's disease by means of vaccines of Russian production. In course of the study it was established, that in broiler chickens vaccinated against Marek's disease (by means of cultural dry viral vaccine on the basis a virus of herpes of turkeys FS-126 and by liquid bivalent cultural virus vaccine Bimarek on the basis of strains of a herpes virus of turkeys and a herpes virus of hens) the revealed morphological changes in immune system organs of did not essentially differ and testified to the development of intense postvaccinal immunity. Economic efficiency of immunization of broiler chicken against Marek's disease under production conditions made 4,87 and 2,94 Belarusian roubles per 1 rouble of expenses, respectively. | Целью исследования явилось сравнительное изучение иммунной реактивности организма цыплят-бройлеров, иммунизированных против болезни Марека вакцинами российского производства. В ходе исследований установлено, что у цыплят-бройлеров, вакцинированных против болезни Марека культуральной сухой вирусвакциной из вируса герпеса индеек ФС-126 и жидкой бивалентной культуральной вирусвакциной Бимарек из штаммов вируса герпеса индеек и вируса герпеса кур выявленные морфологические изменения в органах иммунной системы существенно не отличаются и свидетельствуют о выработке напряженного поствакцинального иммунитета. Экономическая эффективность иммунизации цыплят против болезни Марека в производственных условиях составляет 4,87 и 2,94 рубля на 1 рубль затрат соответственно.