By means of directed hybridization and selection, a new donor of Winter Rye with combination of ultra short stem and absence of wax coating has been synthesized. Markings was offered for the first time for dominant genes of ultra short stem characteristic – HI-3HI-3, and for recessive genes of absence of wax coating characteristic – wcwc. Determination is made of genetic variability, coefficients of inheritance, phenotype and genotype correlation coefficients, on the basis of which a selection strategy by ten quantitative characteristics is proposed. Polypheny and cohesion effects were established. Under certain conception, strategy and tactic of improvement by breeding of Winter Rye characteristics, determination of genetic and statistic parameters between traits of parents and the offspring is required. | Направленной гибридизацией и отбором синтезировано новый донор озимой ржи с комплексом ультракороткостебельности и отсутствия воскового покрова. Впервые предложена символика доминантных генов ультракороткостебельности – Hl-3Hl-3 и рецессивных генов отсутствия воскового покрова на стебле и листьях – wcwc. Определена генотипная изменчивость, коэффициенты  наследуемости, фенотипические и генетические коэффициенты корреляции, на основании которых предложена стратегия селекции по десяти количественным признакам. Установлены эффекты плейотропии и сцепления. При определении концепции, стратегии и тактики селекционного усовершенствования признаков ржи озимой необходимо определять генетико статистические параметры между признаками родителей и потомков. | Спрямованою гібридизацією і добором синтезовано новий донор жита озимого зі сполученням ультракороткостеблості і відсутності воскового покриву. Вперше запропонована символіка домінантних генів ультракороткостеблості – Hl-3Hl-3 і рецесивних генів відсутності воскового покриву на стеблі і листях – wcwc. Визначена генотипна мінливість, коефіцієнти успадковування, фенотипові і генотипні коефіцієнти кореляції, на основі яких запропонована стратегія селекції по десяти кількісних ознаках. Встановлені ефекти плейотропії і зчеплення. При визначенні концепції, стратегії і тактики селекційного вдосконалення ознак жита озимого необхідно визначати генетико статистичні параметри між ознаками батьків і нащадків.

The article presents the results of studying a degree of self-pollination usual for seven sour-cherry varieties:  Solidarnist, Vzglyad, Melitopolska purpurna, Amulet, Rassvet, Vudumka, Melitopolska radist bred in M.F.Sydorenko Institute of Irrigated Fruit Growing UAAS within 2004-2007 yrs. Also the number of pollinizers for these varieties has been picked up from the varieties added to the State Register of Plant Varieties. | Приведены результаты изучения на протяжении 2004-2007 гг. степени самоплодности семи сортов вишни селекции Института орошаемого садоводства им. М. Ф. Сидоренко НААН України: Солидарность, Взгляд, Мелитопольская пурпурная, Амулет, Рассвет, Выдумка, Мелитопольская радость. Выделено один самоплодный сорт, три частично самоплодных и три самобесплодных. Также для этих сортов проведен подбор опылителей среди сортов, внесенных в Государственный реестр сортов растений, пригодных для распространения в Украине. В статье содержатся данные об основных метеоусловиях в период цветения и качестве пыльцы изученных сортов вишни. | Наведено результати вивчення протягом 2004-2007 рр. ступеня самоплідності семи сортів вишні селекції Інституту зрошуваного садівництва ім. М. Ф. Сидоренка НААН України: Солідарність, Взгляд, Мелітопольська пурпурна, Амулет, Рассвєт, Видумка, Мелітопольська радість. Також для цих сортів проведено добір запилювачів серед сортів, занесених до Державного реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні.

Such varieties of winter wheat as Ovidium, Kokhana, Blago, Maria, Andromeda possess high adaptive potential, there are possible to use on irrigated and unirrigated lands. New genotypes are able to guarantee yield on level accordingly 9,0-9,5 and 5,5-6,0 t/ha. They are form the grain of strong and valuable wh eats.

In first time it is used the marker genes’ donor of dominant stem shortness, recession erective leaf and absence of waxen plants’ cover for the receipt of F1 hybrid plants of winter rye. It is certain the parameters and character of intercommunications for ten quantitative signs at F1 hybrids from crossing of rye standards with distinctive morphological signs.

The article highlights Kharkiv Breeding Facility, later referred to as Plant Production Institute named after V. Iuryev in 20s-80s concerning breeding the Winter Wheat in Ukraine and impact of the varieties obtained on th productivity increase. It is established that thanks to the efforts of V. Iuryev, V. Didus, M. Ielnikov, A. Shulyndina and others for the period of 1920s-1980s a number of economically valuable varieties have been created – Multrum 120, Iuryivka, Lutetsnes 266, Zenitka, Salut, Kharkivska 1, Kharkivska 32, Khar-kivska 81 and others. Thanks to efforts in breeding the yield index was growing gradually and reached the average level of 4,3 tons per hectare. In particular, in 1921–1930 – 2,33 ton/hectare, 1931–1940 – 2,42, 1941– 1950 – 3,01, 1951–1960 – 26,5, 1961 – 1970 – 4,3, 1971–1980 – 5,05, 1981–1990 – 4,47 t/hectare. In recompense for significant achievements in agricultural crops varieties breeding a breeding center was founded at the facilities of Plant Production Institute named after V Iuryev was founded in 1976.

The article describes summary of the researches, characteristics of morphological and agro-biological characteristics and features, a note is made of a significant progress in the selection of productivity and adaptability of registered Durum Winter Wheat Varieties of new crops rotation. Significant developments of plants architectonic are marked, especially in height, characteristics of economical value, and in terms of considerable achievements in breeding of this kind of wheat. A stress in made on the need to enhance Durum Winter Wheat breeding to develop more frostresistant and drought-overheat resistant varieties.

It is concluded by investigations that wheat crossing of various development types between themselves cause increase of formbuilding process in hybrid progeny, promoting the selection of practically valuable recombinats. The genotypes which present the practical valuable by complex of adaptive traits and properties have been selected by phenotype stability in the breeding process. The new bread winter wheat variety Pamyati Remesla developed with participation of spring wheat variety Hja 22139 (Finland) has been proposed for including it into the Register of Plant varieties of Ukraine adapted for use in Steppe, Forest- Steppe and Woodland of Ukraine since 2010.

There discussed directions of use for the valuable groats crop, namely Rice, growth rates of its production in Ukraine, options and necessity of creation new verities by breeders, that favors not just the improved nutrition of people, but improves their health, too. And also a full description is provided for new varieties of soybean listed in the Sate Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine.

The article describes summary of the researches, characteristics of morphological and agro-biological characteristics and features, a note is made of a significant progress in the selection of productivity and adaptability of registered Durum Winter Wheat Varieties of new crops rotation. Significant developments of  plants architectonic are marked, especially in height, characteristics of economical value, and in terms of considerable achievements in breeding of this kind of wheat. A stress in made on the need to enhance Durum Winter Wheat breeding to develop more frostresistant and drought-overheat resistant varieties.