Increasing population and challenges among the sectors due to the climate change and incorrect water policy has increased the pressure on water resources. This situation being as a global crisis particularly in respect to the food security has accelerated productive utilization of water supplies. The aim of the current study with 2-year experiments was to identify the effect of different irrigation interval and irrigation regimes on the yield and yield components of dry bean having greater than 50% of total world legumes production. In that experiment, two different irrigation interval, 7 and 14-day, and three different irrigation levels, (I100, I75 and I50, were studied. In results, the maximum yield was obtained from 7-day irrigation interval, and 28% yield reduction was detected at 14-day irrigation interval. In examine the irrigation levels, the highest yield was found at full irrigation (I100), and increasing water stress caused significant yield reductions e.g. 21% and 49% for I75 and I50, respectively. The evapotranspiration and total applied water as an average of 2013-2014 were calculated as 533 mm, and 450 mm, respectively. In assessment of the both the combine year results, the ky value was determined as 1.59, and this finding shows that dry bean crop is sensitive to the water stress condition.

In the study, the bioactive, physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of koruk juice and dried koruk pomace were investigated. The total phenolic contents of koruk juice and pomace were determined as 1119.670 and 1182.170 mg GAE/L, respectively. Higher DPPH radical scavenging activity found in koruk pomace, which was consistent with total phenolic contents. Organic acid, total sugar and ascorbic acid contents of koruk juice (3.44%, 4.737 g/L and 2.559 mg/100 mL) were higher than koruk pomace (0.19%, 0.866 g/L and 0.242 mg/100 mL). The counts of Total Psychrophilic Aerobic Bacteria and mold-yeast in pomace were determined as 0.694 and 1.016 log CFU/g, respectively, while no growth was observed in koruk juice. Koruk juice and pomace indicated antimicrobial effect on all test microorganisms in the range of 31.3-500.0 µg/mL (Minimum Inhibition Concentration). The most sensitive bacteria to koruk juice were Bacillus cereus, while Pediococcus acidilactici was the most sensitive one to koruk pomace. Koruk juice also showed bactericidal effect on all test cultures at concentration ranging between 250.0 and 500.0 µg/mL (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration), koruk pomace was not showed bactericidal effect on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, E. coli and B. cereus. This study demonstrated that the koruk products could be used in food applications as natural antioxidant and antimicrobial substance.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the polymorphism of GH (growth hormone) gene in Japanese quails and the relationships between these genes and body weight and carcass traits. 3 genotypes (AA, AB and BB), 2 (A and B) alleles were detected by cutting the GH intron 1 region with restriction enzyme MspI. As a result of variance analysis, it was determined that the hatching weights of the animals with B allele and liver weights were higher. Thus, it is seen that GH gene and PCR-RFLP technique can be used in breeding studies.

The aim of the study was to describe the scenario of the present condition of production and management system of dairy buffalo at Haor areas of Sylhet in Bangladesh. Data were collected between February 2019 and January 2020. Sixty dairy farmers and thirty indigenous dairy buffaloes were selected for the study purpose. All respondent farmers were male and 65% were in between 40 to 50 years of age. Parity number had a significant relation in response of body weight. Quality analysis of milk showed that buffaloes which were reared at Haor areas have more fat content on an average 7.88% than buffaloes which were reared conventional dairy farm containing 7.34%. Price of buffalo’s milk and meat were varied with the seasonal changes, lower in winter season. All farmers fed the buffaloes only with green grass in winter. Four major diseases of buffaloes were found in Haor areas where the percentage of foot and mouth diseases was 15.59% followed by black quarter (11.01%), anthrax (7.34%) and hemorrhagic septicemia (6.42%). The buffaloes were not dewormed so parasitic infestations dramatically increased and easily transferred from one to another. The farmers had not enough knowledge about regular vaccination. But in contrast with profitability, total benefit cost ratio from buffalo rearing was 1:1.56 annually.

This study was conducted in the Aegean region conditions of Turkey in 2020. It was carried out on May-505, a local cotton variety. The study examined the variation of seed yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of cotton with different irrigation programs and water levels. The field trial, which was designed as two factors and three replications, was designed according to the randomized complete block trial design. Four different irrigation levels (IL) (100%, 67%, 33%, and 0%) and two different irrigation scheduling approaches (gravimetric and pan evaporation) were investigated in the study. Seasonal water use values in treatments varied between 215 (0%) and 746 (100% - Pan evaporation approach) mm during the production period. The average yield values obtained with irrigation levels, which have essential effects on cotton seed yield, are listed as follows; 2057 kg ha-1 (IL-0%), 3471 kg ha-1 (IL-33%), 3771 kg ha-1 (IL-67%), and 5083 kg ha-1 (IL-100%). It was determined pan evaporation applications performed higher yields than gravimetric applications. WUE values were between 0.63 – 1.04 kg m-3. The gravimetric method’s yield response factor (ky) was 0.73, and the pan evaporation method’s yield response factor (ky) was 0.89. These results show that cotton is tolerant of water stress. In conclusion, although the pan evaporation approach with 100% treatment is suggested for cotton production in the parts of the Aegean region within the semi-arid climate zone, while water resources are sufficient. When the results are evaluated in terms of seed cotton yield for a deficit irrigation strategy, IL-67% treatment with a gravimetric approach can be used.

The study aims to investigate the monthly changes in the prices of culture fish that were sold in retail fish outlets in Sinop in 2019 and determine the correlations between the prices of the species. The retail outlets were determined using stratified sampling and divided into three groups as I (high), II (medium), and III (low) with respect to their product range and sale amounts. Each sale group was represented by two independent retail outlets. The prices were determined twice a month at the same time of the day during the study. The retail outlets were determined to sell sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), and rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) culturing of which are carried out in Turkey. The difference in the monthly prices of the species was not statistically significant. There was a positive and moderate relationship between the prices of sea bream and sea bass (r=0.69), a positive and strong relationship between the prices of sea bass and trout (r=0.85), and a positive and strong relationship between the prices of sea bream and trout (r=0.71).

Tarım sektöründe lisanslı depoculuk faaliyetleri 2005 yılında çıkarılan 5300 sayılı Tarım Ürünleri Lisanslı Depoculuk Kanunu ile başlamıştır. Devletin desteği ile açılmış olup, yayınlanan yönetmelikler ile geliştirilip yine devletin öncülüğünde fiili olarak çalışmaya başlamıştır. Lisanslı depoların Türkiye’nin 2023 Stratejik Hedefleri arasında yer alan sürdürülebilir tarım yaklaşımı ile önemi artarak devam etmiştir. Türkiye’de son yıllarda sayıları artarak yaygınlaşmakta ve lisanslı depoculuk sistemi tarım ürünleri bakımından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin kuramsal boyutu ve Kırşehir ili Mucur ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren LİDAŞ’a hububat teslim eden üreticilerin değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini yörede LİDAŞ’a ürün teslim eden 70 üretici oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde, üreticilerin %61,40’ının depolama yapamadığı, %45,70’inin ortalama 1-3 ay arası ürününü LİDAŞ’da beklettiği, en fazla önem verdikleri destek aracının stopaj indirimi olduğu, %80,00’inin fiyatlama politikasından memnun olduğu ve %60,00’ının hububat ekiliş kararında LİDAŞ’ın herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, üreticilerin diğer sorunları, prosedür kaynaklı sorunlar, analiz ücretleri, yükleme boşaltma ücretleri, depo kira ücretleri ve stopaj masrafının fazla olması üreticide olumsuz bir durum ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Destek miktarlarındaki reel azalış, çalışan personelle ilgili olumsuz düşünceler, depolama olanaklarındaki düşük kapasite ve depolanacak ürün yelpazesinin dar olması olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Söz konusu sorunların çözümüyle birlikte lisanslı depoculuk faaliyetlerine yönelimin artacağı söylenebilir.

Marine litter, which can be seen in almost all seas in recent years, is a serious problem for the environment. Similarly, the same problem also exists in Turkey's seas. This study was carried out in 4 different areas, each of which is 100m², in the Yumurtalık Fishing Port in İskenderun Bay. Marine litter was removed from the seabed by diving in these selected areas in April 2016 and June 2017. In the study, a total of 157.2 kg of rubber (49.5%), 118.9 kg of glass (37.4%), 21.61 kg of plastic (6.8%) and 19.94 kg of metal (6.3%) marine litter were detected and removed. It was determined that the marine litter extracted in 2017 was less by weight compared to 2016 (p

Ethiopia’s export earning is heavily dependent on primary agricultural commodities and raw materials. Coffee has been the principal export commodity of Ethiopia for many years and continued to be the leading export commodity. The objective of this paper was, therefore, to identify the determinants of Ethiopia’s coffee export to the major trading partners. Eighteen countries were selected based on the importance of the country as Ethiopia’s coffee export destination and availability of the required data. Annual panel data from 2001 to 2016 was collected from FAO database and other relevant sources. After appropriate econometric tests had been applied, random effect model was selected and used to analyze the data. From the seven variables entered into the model, four variables were found to affect Ethiopia’s coffee export significantly. GDP of the importing countries and population size of Ethiopia affect Ethiopia’s coffee export positively as expected. Weighted distance between Ethiopia and its trading partners was also found to have an expected effect, negative, on Ethiopia’s coffee export. Contrary to the hypothesis, foreign direct investment flows to Ethiopia affected Ethiopia’s coffee export negatively. Based on the results, the study draws conclusion and policy implications. To increase Ethiopia’s coffee export, government and other stakeholders should give prime attention to countries where there is high demand for Ethiopia’s coffee. Moreover, coffee exporters should exploit the existing nearest market opportunities. Finally, favourable conditions should be created for the large unemployed labor of the country to increase coffee production and export.

Çilek dünyada ve ülkemizde eşsiz tat ve aromasından dolayı, üretimi giderek artan önemli bir meyve türüdür. Birçok meyve türünde olduğu gibi, çilek meyvelerdeki verim, tad ve diğer önemli kalite bileşenlerinin genetik yapıdan etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Bu kapsamda, özellikle son 100 yılda dünyadaki çilek ıslah çalışmaları sonucunda çok miktarda çilek çeşidi geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Çukurova Üniversitesi bünyesinde de uzun yıllar farklı yoğunluklarda çilek ıslah çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bölümümüzde gerçekleşen çilek ıslah programı sonucu ön plana çıkan ‘33’, ‘36’ ve ‘61’ kodlu genotipler ile Akdeniz bölgesinde yaygın olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan ‘Fortuna’, ‘Rubygem’ ve ‘Festival’ gibi ticari çilek çeşitleri geniş hasat (Ocak-Mayıs) süresi boyunca meyve SÇKM, pH, asit miktarı ile et sertliği gibi özellikler bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Akdeniz iklim koşullarında ocak ayında az miktarda ürün elde edilmiş olup, söz konusu ayda incelenen çeşit ve genotiplerde en yüksek SÇKM ve meyve et sertlik değerleri elde edilmiştir. Genotipler bakımından; ‘36’ kodlu olan, sezon boyunca %8,0 ile %13,1 arasında değişen SÇKM değerleriyle diğerlerine göre yüksek olması yanında, nispeten düşük asit içeriğiyle de dikkat çekmiştir. Bu genotip tat bakımından güçlü yönüne rağmen, 0,63 lb/inch2 meyve et sertlik değeriyle ticari çeşitlere (1,10-1,20 lb/inch2) göre oldukça yumuşak bulunmuştur. Bütün bu bilgiler doğrultusunda, her yönüyle çok iyi bir çeşit elde etmenin fizyolojik ve genetik nedenlerden dolayı mümkün olmadığı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çilek ıslahçıları belirledikleri temel amaçlar doğrultusundaki özellikleri en yüksek seviyelerde bünyesinde barındıran çilek çeşidi geliştirmeyi hedeflemelidirler.