Bu çalışmanın amacı, çekirge kullanarak protein oranı artırılmış bir unlu mamul üretmek, bu sayede önemli bir gıda kaynağı olan yenilebilir böceklerin tüketilmesine olan bakışı değiştirebilmek ve entomofaji konusunda farkındalık oluşturmaktır. Dünya’nın azalan kaynaklarına daha sürdürülebilir bir tüketim ürünü kazandırmak esas amaçtır. Çalışmada göçmen çekirge (locusta migratoria) kullanılmıştır. Bir kontrol örneği ile %1 ve %2 oranlarında çekirge tozu içeren tuzlu kurabiye üretilmiştir. Ürünlerin 10 kişilik eğitimli panelist grubu tarafından duyusal değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Genel beğeni puanı en yüksek olan ürün, sonrasında 81 kişinin tüketici beğenisine sunulmuştur. Değerlendirmelerde, görünüş, renk, tat, koku, tekstür, ağızda bıraktığı his ve genel görünüm kriterleri üzerinden 5’li Likert ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Eğitimli panelistlere uygulanan duyusal değerlendirme sonrasında elde edilen verilere göre %1 oranında çekirge tozu ile hazırlanan çekirgeli tuzlu kurabiye 4,7/5 puan ile en çok beğenilen ürün olmuştur. 81 kişinin katıldığı tüketici beğenisi testi sonuçlarına göre 4,6/5 genel beğeni puanına ulaşılmıştır. Eğitimli panelist grubunda %70 ve tüketici beğeni testinde %85 oranında ürünü “satın alırım” cevabı verilmiştir. Ek olarak, Tübitak MAM laboratuvarlarında Protein Kjeldahl yöntemi (AOAC 960.52. Foss Tecator Manuel 2300 AB 2003 AN, Tüm gıdalar) ile ürünlerin protein analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; kontrol numunesinin protein oranı 11.4g/100g, hamur ağırlığının %1’i kadar çekirge eklenen numunenin protein oranı ise 11.69g/100g olarak tespit edilmiştir.

This study was carried out to assess feed resources mineral composition and utilization of mineral soil in the Haramaya district of the East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. The survey data was collected from four kebeles using a semi-structured questionnaire from 80 respondents (20 from each kebele) selected randomly. Two natural pasture samples across the wet and dry seasons were collected using a quadrant from each season. Two maize and sorghum stover samples were collected for analysis at the end of harvesting seasons. Two mineral soil samples were collected from Lake Adelle and Small Abaya. Table salt (50%), mineral water (30%), and mineral soil (20%) were used as mineral supplements for livestock. Farmers obtain mineral soil from the licking area of the mineral soil and feed animals by hiking them in the licking area and taking the mineral soil into the home. Maize stover was deficient in Ca, P, Na, Zn, and Cu, while sorghum stover was deficient in P, Na, Mg, and Cu. During the wet season, natural pasture consists of higher (p<0.05) P, K, Cu, Zn, and Mn while Ca and Fe were higher (p<0.05) in the dry season. During wet and dry seasons, the Ca, P, Na, Mg, and K content were 14.53 vs 20.47, 1.51 vs 0.82, 0.38 vs 0.45, 4.01 vs 3.84, and 16.50 vs 6.40 g/kg, respectively. The Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn contents were 365.14 vs 415.22, 477.78 vs 336.11, 8.48 vs 7.38 and 42.74 vs 16.94 mg/kg in wet and dry seasons, respectively. The mineral soil of both lakes was deficient in P and K, but high in Na and Fe. Supplementation of animals with deficient minerals in their feed is necessary in the study area and the mineral soil can be used as a mineral supplement for ruminants. However, an extension service is essential to improve mineral soil utilization in the study area.

This study investigates the effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the detoxification of AFM1 contamination. Experiments conducted on two groups of ice cream samples measured an average AFM1 level of 0.0308 µg/kg in the control group and 0.0258 µg/kg in the group with L. rhamnosus added. The results indicate that L. rhamnosus significantly reduced AFM1 levels (46%) and was thus effective in the detoxification of AFM1. Our statistical results were found to be significant (p<0.05). These findings highlight the potential of L. rhamnosus to reduce AFM1 contamination in ice cream products, making a significant contribution to food safety. Controlling mycotoxins in food products is critical for protecting consumer health and enhancing food safety.

Although there are intensively selected lines and non-selected standard breeds in terms of production characteristics in the chickens, there is limited information on the comparing their egg shape-related traits. This study aimed to compare using the parameters of weight, width, length, shape index-L/W (Length/Width), and shape index-W/L of egg in some meat-type (Anadolu-T, Ross 308, Dam Line and Sire Line), egg-type (Atak-S, Lohmann Brown and Lohmann Selected Leghorn), and standard breeds (Sultan and Ameraucana). The data from 2476 eggs from 9 genotypes obtained from 50-55 weeks hens and classified under 3 main types were analyzed with univariate and multivariate methods. The mean egg weights of Sire Line, Ross 308, Anadolu-T, Lohmann Brown, Atak-S, Dam Line, Lohmann Selected Leghorn, Sultan and Ameraucana genotypes were 69.89f, 69.10f, 62.84e, 59.59d, 59.58d, 59.51d, 56.81c, 45.87b and 43.03a g, respectively (P<0.05). In the same order, the mean egg width was determined as 44.72f, 45.61g, 43.41de, 43.32de, 43.62e, 43.17d, 42.46c, 39.90b and 39.17a mm (P<0.05). The mean egg length was found to be 61.97g, 58.80e, 59.72f, 56.12bc, 57.58d, 56.59c, 56.00b, 51.30a and 51.47a mm (P<0.05). The egg shape index-W/L and egg shape index-L/W was calculated to be 74.78a, 76.50b, 77.55c % and 138.67c, 128.99a, 137.59c, 129.45a, 132.16b, 131.12b, 131.93b, 128.68a, 131.47b %, respectively (P<0.05). The egg weights of meat-type, egg-type, and standard breeds were 64.61c, 58.36b, and 45.42a g, respectively (P<0.01). The egg width was found to be 44.06c, 42.97b and 39.78a mm (P<0.05). The egg length was 59.05c, 56.20b, and 51.35a mm (P<0.05). We also detected significant positive correlations (P<0.01) between the egg weight and the egg width (r=0.88), and the egg length (r=0.83). In the discriminant analyses, the success of assigning eggs to their groups was relatively low (52.4%) in terms of genotypes, but high (78.1%) in the type groups. The significant changes in the egg weight and shape-related traits were determined according to chicken genotypes and types. It was observed that intensive selection in chickens, especially in egg-type genotypes, had a strong effect on egg weight and shape-related traits.

Bu araştırma, fesleğen bitki ekstraktının (O. basilicum odoratum) Kınalı keklik yumurtalarının inkübasyonunda kullanımının (Alectoris chukar) prenatal ve yeni çıkımı içeren postnatal dönemlerde olmak üzere, kuluçka sonuçları ile keklik davranışlarına etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 14 haftalık yaştaki kekliklerden elde edilen 160 adet yumurta kullanılmıştır. Yumurtalar inkübasyon sırasında püskürtme şeklinde uygulanan fesleğen kullanımına göre; püskürtme uygulanmayan kontrol (K), püskürtme uygulananlar saf su (F0), %1 ekstrakt (F1) ve % 5 ekstrakt (F5) şeklinde oluşturulmuştur. Grupların (K, F0, F1 ve F5) kuluçka randımanları sırasıyla %70,66±1,51, %75,00±0,01, %78,33±2,88 ve %81,00±1,00 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çıkım gücü ise en yüksek %98,41 ±1,12 ile F5 de, en düşük %93,00±1,00 ile K grubundadır. Çıkım ağırlığı üzerine etki gözlenmemiştir. F5 grubunda en yüksek Tona (98,92±0,23) ve Pasgar (9,57±0,08) skorları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada açık alan testin uygulanan civcivlerin merkezde geçirdikleri süre değerleri sırasıyla F1’de %3,64±0,11, F0’da %3,67±0,11, K’de %4,60±0,23 ve F5’de %5,71±0,14 olarak hesaplanmış, civcivlerin pist skor değerleri ise sırasıyla K’de 1,33±0,57, F0’da 2,23±0,27, F1’de 2,66±0,57 ve F5’te ise 3,66±0,57 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak keklik yumurtalarına %5’lik fesleğen bitki ekstraktı uygulamasının kuluçka randımanı ve çıkım gücünü artırdığı, malformasyon oranını düşürdüğü, civciv kalitesi üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca açık alan ve pist davranış testleri sonuçlarına göre yeni çıkan civcivlerde korku ve stresi azaltma potansiyeli görülmüştür.

Fish industry has significant importance all over the world because red meat is not enough to complete the protein requirements of growing population. Therefore, focus is now on those fish species production rate which are more suitable. In this study we focused on common carp which has important commercial value due to its size and tasty meat. Common carp is a fresh water fish and mostly found in rivers, ponds, dams and lakes. It is special due to its ability of adjustment in any aquatic habitat and sometimes beneficial also for other aquatic animals by releasing nutrients in habitat. Türkiye is a rich country in terms of rivers, dams and lakes. In this research, we described famous water reservoirs in Türkiye and in which regions higher amount of carp fish produced. It was focused on Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye which has large amount of water reservoirs. Geography Information System (GIS) based mapping and spatial analysis was used in this study to check the production rate of carp in Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye for long period from year 2000 to 2019. It was concluded from this study that highest average production rate of carp is obtained in Konya province (total: 11919,2 tons/2000-2019; average: 596 tons/20 year) which is west part of Anatolian region and lowest average production rate is found in the Niğde province (total: 163,5 tons/2000-2019; average: 8,2 tons/20 year) which is south part of the Central Anatolian Region.

Nowadays, the concept of sustainability is important in poultry meat production as in every field. The health status of the birds must be well-stated for sustainable broiler production. Considering that synthetics attract reactions and some of them are banned or limited, the use of natural feed additives for health protection has been the focus of research attention. St John’s wort is a plant that can positively affect the health of animals with bioactive components such as the hypericin it contains. St John’s wort or hypericum (Hypericum perforatum L.) has antiviral and antimicrobial effects in broilers and positively affects on blood biochemical parameters. This positive effect on health level also improves performance. The review aims to give information about St John’s wort and to examine a limited number of studies on their use in the diet of broilers.

Nanoteknoloji, yeni fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip yapılar, cihazlar ve sistemler geliştirmek üzere 1-100 nm aralığında büyüklüğü olan atomik, moleküler veya makromoleküllerin araştırma alanıdr. Nanoteknoloji, fizik, kimya, biyoloji, mühendislik ve sağlık dallarında novel fırsatları sunan, çağdaş devletler ve özel kuruluşlarca öncelikli araştırma alt yapılarının kurulumunda öncelik verilen bir disiplindir. Bu bilimdalı başta biyomedikal ve sağlık alanları olmak üzere, gıda, optik, elektronik, farmasötik, tıbbi görüntüleme teknikleri geliştirmekte sayısız fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Nanobiyoteknoloji ise, nanoteknoloji ve biyoteknoloji disiplinlerinin birleşimidir. Nanobiyoteknolojiden biyomedikal ve tıbbi olarak kanser ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların tedavisinde akıllı ilaç tesliminde, aşı ve biyosensör geliştirmede, tıbbi görüntülemede, gen tedavisinde faydalanılmaktadır. Nano tabanlı yaklaşımlar, geleneksel biyoteknolojik yöntemleri iyileştirmek ve geleneksel tedavilerin neden olduğu yan etkileri sınırlandırmak için geliştirilmektedir. Bu sebeple, nanoteknolojinin farklı disiplinler ve alanlarda uygulanabilir olması sayesinde, nano tabanlı teknikler sürdürülebilir bir gelecek için önemli roller oynamakta ve Global ekonomiler üzerinde etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, nano-biyoteknolojik yaklaşımların özellikle biyomedikal ve sağlık alanlarında uygulama fırsatları ve gelişim potansiyellerinin derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Konuyla ilgili olarak, nanoteknoloji ve uygulama alanları, nanobiyoteknoloji ve gelişimi, Global nanobiyoteknoloji pazarı, nanobiyoteknolojilerin sınıflandırılması ile nanobiyoteknolojik araçlar ve uygulama alanları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Recently, there has been a great interest in the use of natural products of plant origin due to the side effects of synthetic substances. Since synthetic chemicals used in the agricultural field a great threat to the environment and public health, many studies are carried out on the use of natural products from production to storage. Given the environmental and public health risks associated with synthetic chemicals commonly used in agriculture, extensive research efforts are focused on exploring the utilization of natural products throughout the entire agricultural process, from production to storage. The effiecy of Coriandrum sativum L. seed essential oil (Cs-EO) was evaluated in the laboratory condions against the rice weevil-Sitophylus oryzae L. adults. The Cs-EO essential oils were applied at four different dose rates (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%) on wheat and fumigant toxicity assay was recorded dead adults after 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11th days. In the 12%, the highest mortality 87.86 % and the lowest mortality at concentration of 3%, 23.28% and of the eleven days. In this study, GC-MS analysis of C. sativum was also determined at the same time. Cs essential oil was generated by steam distillation and compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. GC-MS analysis of EOs from Cs seeds showed it to be reach linalool 79.12%. This study suggest that essential oil of Cs (Cs- EOs) can be used as alternatives to pesticides for management of stored pest control.

This study presents research on modelling the efficiency and flow rate of deep well pumping facilities using the response surface method, evaluating the models, and assessing optimization based on target flow rate. Regression and variance analysis techniques have been successfully employed to evaluate the relationship between input factors (input pressure and power drawn from the grid) and responses (system efficiency and flow rate). ANOVA analysis has been used to examine the effects of linear and quadratic terms, and the results have shown that pressure and power drawn from the grid have a significant effect on pump system efficiency. Additionally, the performance of the regression models has been evaluated using error metrics such as R2 value, RMSE, and MAPE. These values for the pumping facility system efficiency model were found to be 0.9993, 0.292%, and 0.71%, respectively, and for the flow rate model, they were 0.9997, 0.69 m3h-1, and 1.07%. The results obtained demonstrate that the model operates with high accuracy and explains a large part of the variance in the response variables. An optimization study was conducted to maximize pump system efficiency by maintaining the flow rate at a certain target value. According to the experimental results obtained, the target flow rate was predicted with an error rate of 1.49%, and the pump system efficiency was predicted with an error rate of 2.14%. This study highlights the effective use of various analytical and experimental methods to improve the efficiency of pump systems. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct similar analyses on a larger scale and under different operating conditions. Furthermore, evaluating different optimization strategies to improve the energy efficiency of pump systems, which can lead to significant energy savings in industrial applications, is recommended.