The concern of utilizing native coraps as forage supplements instead of antibiotics has increased in order to manipulate rumen fermentation.The purpose of current work was to determine effects of co-addition zeolites of and Yucca schidigera (YS) plant containing high level of saponin to sheep feed on plasma Aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), ALT (Alanin aminotransferaz) and Gama glutamil transferaz (GGT) levels. A total of 24 sheep wereusedas 6 of eachgroup. Sheepwas fed foronemonth as control, supplementedwithZeolite (3%), Yuccaschidigera (YS, 1500 ppm) and Zeolite (3%) + YS (1500 ppm) to basal diet. When trial finished, plasma AST, ALT and GGT levels were determined in blood samples taken from all groups. In the study, detected supplement of zeolite and YS did not have an impact on ALT and AST, whereas zeolite additions decreased GGT levels. As a result; zeolite and YS supplementation applied in this study did not have a negative impact liver welfare sheep.

Biology of the lonicera whitefly, Aleyrodes lonicerae Walker (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) were studied on violet, Viola tricolor L. (Violaceae) plants. Whitefly adults were collected from Mercurialis annua L. (Euphorbiaceae) plants in Adana. The development duration of egg, first, second, third, fourth larval (pupa) stages of A. lonicerae on V. tricolor were 9.17, 6.33, 5.83, 4.00, 5.17 and 30.50 days for the females and 10.27, 5.91, 5.55, 4.82, 4.55 and 31.10 days for the males, respectively. The total development duration from egg to adult of female and males of A. lonicerae were 30.50 and 31.10 days. The mortality rate (%) of egg, 1., 2., 3. and 4. larva (pupae) stages on violet leaves were 22.45, 18.37, 12.25, 4.08 and 8.16, respectively. According to life table depending on pre-adult stages on violet plants, the biggest k value determined was for the first larvae stage (k=0.1174). At the same time, the k-values determined indicated the stage with the highest mortality rates. In the studies conducted for host plant preference, the average numbers of eggs deposited by the females of A. lonicerae were significantly different between rose (2.67/two leaves) and violet (15.83/two leaves) in the same experimental area. The study was conducted in a climate-controlled room in at 20±2°C, 40%±5 relative humidity.

This research was conducted to overcome the problem of slow and erratic emergence in okra and to find out the effects of priming on germination, growth performance and yield in okra at Research Field of Nepal Polytechnic Institute (NPI) Bharatpur-11, Chitwan, Nepal (April-July, 2019). Arka Anamika variety was used for experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomize Complete Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, i.e. T1 (hormonal priming with IBA), T2 (hydro priming with fresh tap water), T3 (halo priming with NaCl), T4 (chemo priming with liquid urea) and T5 (un-primed seeds). Field experiment results showed that priming proved effective in improving germination percent except the chemo priming, reducing the mean germination time (MGT), improving the growth parameters (plant height, number of branches, plant canopy and number of leaves) and improving yield contributing characters like fruit length, fruit diameter as compared to un-primed seeds. The highest and lowest germination percentages were found in hydro priming and hormonal priming respectively while better growth performance in hormonal and chemo priming. Similarly, hormonal and hydro priming resulted in higher yield. Hence, it is suggested that seed priming is important to improve the overall germination, growth performance and yield in okra.

In this study, an investigation of the preference and perception of the different broiler housing and feeding systems among staff and students of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey was undertaken. A structured questionnaire was administered with a face-to-face to 790 randomly selected respondents [257 academic staff (academicians), 166 non-academic staff (worker with a secondary school national graduate diploma) and 367 undergraduate students (students)]. Most respondents preferred chicken (63.3%) and beef (32.0%) meats to fish meat (4.7%). The number of academicians preferred broiler meat (16.8%) was lower than those of students (52.6%) and workers (30.6%). There were significant differences among respondents in terms of preference and perception of different production sources of chicken meat. The proportion of academicians who preferred conventional broiler meat (68.2%) was higher than students (25.4%) and workers (6.4%). The impact of mediatic information (disinformation) about broiler meat relating to ingredients and/or feed additives used in broiler nutrition was higher on academics and students compared to workers. The results of the study indicated that as the level of education increases, the negative perception increased due to false media reports about chicken meat production and subsequently, the preference for chicken meat decreased.

This study analyses implication of COVID- 19 pandemics in the agricultural sector of Turkey. In the study taken measures in the sector are considered. The focus of the paper is twofold. The first objective is to take a glance at COVID 19, how it started, and how affected sectors or businesses. This aim supported by the literature review which is getting a shape recently, on the grounds founded papers were limited. It can be seen that generally all countries suffered from the same problems apart from the countries sectors have problems in common. Lastly, we tried to focus on the agricultural sector especially in Turkey and we presented precautions taken agricultural sector in Turkey. In addition to this to the objective, we tried to synthesize all our findings and present suggestions in case this process prolonged. The originality of the paper comes from it is the first study that draws a general outline for Turkey’s agricultural sector considering the pandemic.

Tokat, which is located between the Black Sea Region and the Central Anatolia Region and has a transition climate, is one of the provinces with high agricultural potential. This potential also provides important advantages in terms of vegetable agriculture. In Tokat, where the vegetable cultivation dates back to many years, many types of vegetables can be grown. While the farmers engaged in vegetable cultivation until the beginning of the 2000s were satisfied with their situation, in the last 15 years, growers have started to turn to alternative products due to the decrease in quality, productivity and profitability. There are significant difficulties and decreases in competitiveness of vegetable farming in the field and greenhouse cultivation. In the study, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of vegetable cultivation of Tokat were analysed. Solutions for the improvement of vegetable cultivation have been discussed by making determinations.

In this work, control capacity of the four isolates (GN22-1, HP15, HP5-2, HP3-1) of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Bals. (Vuill) were evaluated against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adults under laboratory conditions. To test the effect of each of the isolate on adults of T. castaneum were dipped into 1×108 conidia/ml suspension of each isolate. The data for mortality was recorded after 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 21st, and 23rd day. Thirteen days after application, isolates were listed as GN22-1 (72.85%), HP3-1 (48.88%), HP15 (47.37%) and HP5-2 (30.43%) based on the mortality rate they caused. Mortality rate was 83.52% at the end of the 23rd day with isolate GN22-1. While HP3-1 (53.74%) and HP15 (52.24%) caused more than 50% effect at the end of 23 days incubation period, the effect of HP5-2 remained only 32.51%. In addition, LT50 and LT90 rates were also determined. We arrive to the conclusion that especially GN22-1 isolate can has a potential in the control of this insect and may serve an alternative to chemical insecticides.

Production and consumption of pickled vine leaves have been on increase in Tokat region of Turkey. A literature review yielded no study on consumption potential, consumer preferences, preferences and complaints about this product in the region. It has been considered that conclusions drawn from experience and ideas of consumers about pickled vine leaves could help the production sector during production processes. Aim of the present study was to find out consumption potential and consumer preferences for pickled vine leaves in Central, Erbaa, Niksar, Zile and Turhal Districts of Tokat Province through a questionnaire survey. Data from a face-to-face questionnaire carried out in Tokat Province constituted the main material of the study. Sample size of the research (383) were calculated using Proportional Sample Size. Data obtained were evaluated using per cent distributions and other descriptive statistics. All of women interviewed and their family members consumed pickled vine leaves. Average yearly consumption was 13.9 kg. Questionnaire data showed that most individuals obtained leaves directly from producers or they produced their pickled leaves from their own vineyards. More than half of consumers interviewed considered the price of pickled vine leaves on the market was fair.

Rosemary has played an important role from past to present and has antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. With these features, it is used in many sectors, especially food and pharmacy. Rosemary essential oils have a positive effect on biological activity. In addition, this oil prevents lipid oxidation on foods, providing a long and fresh shelf life. Due to the high antioxidant properties of rosemary, it eliminates the harmful effect of reactive oxygen species. Since the main components of rosemary such as 1,8-cineol, camphor, α-pinene, carnosic acid, and carnosol are being antimicrobial and antifungal, it is effective against many pathogens. With this review, it is aimed to provide comprehensive information on the biological activities of rosemary and its extracts to shed light on future research.

In this study, it was aimed to utilize artichoke leaf powder (