Remote monitoring of the atmosphere is designed to obtain information about the state of the atmosphere. The principle of the remote monitoring system of the atmosphere is based on the registration and processing of spacecraft radio signals of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The wet tropospheric delay component of the electromagnetic signal (Δρ sup(tropo) sub(w)), which is derived from the GNSS observations data analysis, is used to calculate the water vapour content in the atmosphere. It is well known, that this parameter is critical to meteorologists, because the water vapour content in the atmosphere is a key parameter in the construction of numerical weather modelling. In this article the IWV - Integrated Water Vapour has been estimated and the expected accuracy of its determination on the basis of the operational GNSS data processing from reference station network ZAKPOS and the results of aerologic sensing of the atmosphere are given.

Climate change threatens crop yields through changes in temperature, precipitation, and more significant changes in weather conditions. Thus, it is important to monitor the potential impact of changing weather parameters on crop yields in order to adapt to climate change. Ukraine is of particular interest in this regard, as this country is an important player in the world grain market due to its large area of agricultural land. Historical climate data already indicate an increase in temperature in Ukraine, and climate forecasts show a further increase in temperature, especially in the South of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to determine the impact of climate change on agricultural land use in Ukraine. The global trends of climate change, which is one of the most urgent threats with a long-term negative impact on the population, the environment and the economy, have been studied. The impact of global climate change on land resources, agriculture, forestry, water resources, energy, infrastructure, biodiversity, public health, emergency situations is analysed. The article describes the most noticeable manifestations of global climate changes on the territory of Ukraine, researches and summarizes their consequences on agricultural land use. The potential impact of climate change on the yield of major agricultural crops and possible economic losses are analysed. The article summarizes the results of studies of the dynamics of changes in climate indicators (air temperature and precipitation), the main consequences and risks of climate change for the agricultural sector of Ukraine are given.