Replenishment and depletion of soil moisture in the northern rainfed areas of East Jordan. I-Soil series 11 [water stored and depleted from the soil during and after rainfall season; soil moisture conservation; soil moisture budget]
1985
Saimeh, M.H. | Battikhi, A.M. (Jordan Univ., Amman (Jordan))
Soil moisture depletion was mainly due to evaporation of the soil surface and due to water consumption by wheat or by summer crops. Depletion in the fallow treatment was 93,29, and 21 mm, in the first season for the first (0-32.5cm), second (32.5-62.5cm), and the third (62.5-92.5cm) layers of soil, respectively; in the second season it was 35, 15, 5 mm from the first, second and the third layers of the soil respectively. The depletion from the wheat planted areas was 103, 58, and 38 mm from the first, second and the third layers of soil, respectively. From this it can be concluded that the moisture depletion decreased as the rainfall quantity decreased, and in wheat the depletion from the second layer was higher than that in the fallow due to extraction by wheat roots which reached the second layer. Storage during the first season (1979/80) ranged from 18% to 25.5% of the total rainfall, and from 26% to 34% in the second season. Thus from 74.5% to 82% of the total rainfall in the first season and from 66% to 74% in the second season was lost by surface runoff and or by deep percolation. Water used by wheat during 1979/80 season could not be determined due to heavy rainfall early in the season and to the unknown values of surface runoff and deep percolation. Therefore, amounts of water used by wheat will be considered as the difference between the highest moisture content and the moisture content at harvest time. The amount was 197 mm during the first season. It was not possible to continue taking the readings till harvest time for the second season, so we could not calculate the consumption for the season. Water use by summer crop (water melon) ranged from 122 mm to 197 mm per season for the first year
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