Land use planning for soil and water conservation at Ban Thung Luang Amphoe Sanpatang, Chiangmai Province [in northern Thailand]
1985
Wimon Sirithai
Results of the study showed that three main land-use patterns were classified into residential and built-up land [70.13 rai or 11.22 ha (0.30%)], agricultural land (shifting cultivation included) [4,406.75 rai or 705.08 ha (18.80%)] and forest land [18,961.37 rai or 3,033.82 ha (80.90%)]. About one-fourth of the agriculture or 1,131.75 rai or 181 ha (25.67% of the total of the agricultural area) was practised in the area on slopes of more than 32 percent; which resulted in the serious loss of top soil amounting to 1,847.02 ton per rai or 11,543.87 ha per annum. The erosion hazard in this area is estimated at 2,181.33 ton per rai or 13,633.31 ton per ha per annum. Hence, the ratio of soil loss acceptable level to erodibility soil index (r) was 0.002 and clearly, soil and water resource conservation in urgently required. Concerning the appropriate optimum use of land, land-use planning indicated that built-up land should be 123 rai or 19.68 ha (0.53%). The agricultural land was about 3,100.5 rai or 496.08 ha (13.23%), including paddy land 958.50 rai or 153.36 ha (4.09%), other cash crops 1,414.69 rai or 226.35 ha (6.04%) an orchard trees 727.31 rai or 116.37 ha (3.10%). The forest land should be 20,428.31 rai (3,268.53 ha) or 86.24% of the study area. This can be defined into three categories of land suitable for water supply and environmental protection, namely; first class watershed area of 6,429.37 rai or 1,028.70 ha (27,43%); second class watershed area of 13,200.38 rai or 2,112.06 ha (56.32%) and a reserved productive forest of 585 rai or 93.6 ha (2.49%).
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