Improvement of sesame [Sesamum indicum] for the northeast [of Thailand]
1984
Prasit Chaisin | Wanla Ditphongphit | Chanchai Thawonanukunkit
Simple correlations and heritability were studied in six sesame lines. The results showed that seed yield per plant was positively correlated with days to flowering, plant height and number of primary branches. The heritabilities were low for seed yield per plant (0.316) and high for days to flowering (0.691), plant height (0.783) and number of primary branches (0.759). The rainfed cropping system of sesame-rice which originated at Burirum was surveyed. The farmers in these areas grew sesame after the rice harvest in January. Sesame were planted before mid April so that they harvested it before rice planting. Neither fertilizer treatment nor cultural practices were done after sowing. However, sesame seed yield was quite satisfactory, generally ranging from 50-100 kg per rai. The major constraints for sesame cultivation in this area were the variability in rainfall and serious damage from stem rot disease. Stem rot disease by Macrophomina phaseoli caused severe damage in the fields. Other prevalent diseases were bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas solanacearum), bacterial leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. sesami and Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami) and cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora sp.). Antigastra sp. and Anomala antiqua were the only prevalent insects that caused serious damage especially when sesame were sown too late
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