Effect of soil solarization using different thicknesses of transparent polyethylene on cucumber grown in plastic houses in the Jordan Valley [comparison of the effectiveness of wide range of thicknesses of transparent polyethylene traps on soil borne pathogens]
1988
Al-Kalaielah, R.A.
The soil solarization experiment comprised eight treatments: five included covering the soil with 40, 60, 80, 120, 200 micron thick transparent polyethylene sheets for two months; the rest - uncovered wet, uncovered dry and MB soil fumigation all in a randomized complete block design with five replications. At the end of the solarization period the covers were replaced by black plastic mulching in all plots and planted to cucumber. To determine the effect of all treatments on the densities of fungi and nematodes, soil samples were taken from all plots immediately after termination of solarization period, 40 days after planting, and at the end of the growing season. Covering the wet soil with the used thicknesses increased absolute soil temperature by 3.3 - 8.1 deg C over the uncovered dry control. The 40 micron treatment recorded the highest absolute max soil temperature -41.5 deg C. All soil solarization treatments reduced population densities of Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne javanica by 100% comparing to dry control treatment. Chemical analysis of solarized soils showed general reduction of E.C. values and reduced concentrations of total N, P, Ca, Mg, Na while soil P and concentrations of Zn, Cu and soil organic matter were not affected; furthermore, changes in concentrations of Mn and Fe were not consistent. Results of plant tissue analysis showed no changes in the concentrations and inconsistent changes of Zn and Mn concentrations. Results of nutrient plant uptake showed an increase of N, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, reduction of Cu and unchanged P. All soil solarization treatments show to have clearly improved growth response of cucumber and increased productivity by at least 37% over the nonsolarized control treatments
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