Genetical effects of gamma irradiation on some desirable yield characters in peanut Arachis hypogaea L. [Egypt]
1988
Abd-El-Raheem, A.A. | El-Ashry, M.M. | Soliman, S.S. (Suez-Canal Univ., Ismaileyh (Egypt). Faculty of Agriculture)
The main aim of this investigation is to study genetic improvement of yield through induced mutations in some varieties of peanut plants. For this purpose, three varieties were chosen to represent different type of peanut cultivars and treated with different doses of gamma ranging from 15 to 145 Kr. Results indicated that in M2 population mutation frequency increased upon increasing the dose in all varieties, while the mutagenic effectiveness decreased with increasing the dose. The amount of induced genetic variation for some morphological and yield characters i.e., height of the mainaxis, number of branches per-plant, number of pods per-plant, number of seeds per-plant, seed weight per plant and shelling percentage were calculated from M3 populations. Results showed that the yield traits were higher response than the morphological traits for induction of genetic variation. The lower dose, 15 Kr is more suitable for induction of desirable genetic variation than the higner doses, i.e., 25 and 55 Kr. The dose 45 kr was not suitable to induce any survived mutations. The high heritability estimates were observed for the number of pods per-plant and number of seeds per-plant indicating the feasibility of selection in the following generations to improve yield through these two very important yield characters. The spreading type (Viriginia 40-2) is a better variety for induction of multations than (Giza 4) and (UB-115B) at the local condition of the Ismailia Governorate.
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