The development and structure of the assimilation apparatus in triticale
1990
Petr, J. | Hradecka, D. (Vysoka Skola Zemedelska, Prague-Suchdol (CSFR))
In three-year trials performed in the triticale varieties Lasko, Largo, Grado, Dagro and Korm, the development of the leaf-area index (LAI) was studied in comparison with winter wheat and winter rye. Maximum LAI values in triticale range from 7 to 10 m2/m2, more frequently from 9 to 10 m2/m2. In these trials the whole pattern of development of the leaf area index ranged within values halfway between winter rye and winter wheat. The differences between the varieties were low. Higher values were recorded in the Czechoslovak variety Korm, intended for green matter harvest. The maximum LAI values were gained in second half of May and early in June. Higher LAI values required lower temperatures and higher precipitation. The leaf area duration (LAD) was higher in triticale than in wheat and frequently exceeded even the values for winter rye. Triticale was noted for its high proportion of the assimilation area of the blades of flag leaves and often also for a larger proportion of the upper part of stalk and spike. The formation of the assimilation apparatus was not affected significantly by the used methods of nitrogen fertilization. The split nitrogen application rates (30 + 30 + 30 + kg per ha) influenced the LAI value in triticale and winter rye. When cytokinins were used, fertilization rates of 60 + 30 + 0 kg per ha were sufficient, like in winter wheat, when the chlormequate and paclobutrazole and their mixtures were used. The well know trend of the relationship of LAD in the postfloral period to the grain yield and especially to the 1000-kernel weight was confirmed.
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