Fecal coliforms as index of pollution in an integrated pig fish farm system
1986
Quines, D.D. | Vargas, R.B. | Ibarra, V.M. (Central Luzon State Univ., Munoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Coll. of Veterinary Science and Medicine)
Two fishponds measuring 20 x 50 m stocked with 2,000 fish consisting of 85% Oreochromis niloticus, 10% Cyprinus carpio and 5% Chama striata were used to determine the level of fecal coliforms in the pond water and fish flesh. One pond received fresh pig manure at 40 kg/week; the other, inorganic fertilizer at 5 kg/week. Water samples were collected at weekly intervals for a period of 8 weeks from three sites, namely at a point closest to the manure dumping site, at the middle of the pond and farthest from the manure dumping site. Fish samples of 60 tilapia and 18 carps were collected monthly for a three-month period. Both water and fish samples were analyzed for coliforms with the multiple tube fermentation technique. Results showed coliform counts with mean concentrations varying from 2,874.30/100 ml of water in the middle of the pond to 1,810.70 farthest from the manure damping site. Differences in concentration between collection sites were not significant (P0.5) but mean values obtained weekly differed significantly (P0.05). Tilapia had coliform counts of 124.5 while carps had 76.5-158.0 coliform/100 g flesh. Differences among fish samples of the same species were not significant (P0.05) but were significant between species (P0.05). Biochemical tests revealed the presence of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. as indicators of fecal pollution.
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