Effect of Sesbania bispinosa decomposition time and sodicity on rice yield
1988
Swarup, A. (Central Soil Salinity Research Inst., Karnal (India))
The effect of Sesbania bispinosa decomposition time (0, 1, and 2 wk under submerged conditions) at 4 levels of sodicity (exchangeable sodium percentage [ESP] 48, 36, 28, and 16) was evaluated on N turnover and rice yield. Soils were aquic natrustalfs. Crops were irrigated with tubewell water (electrical conductivity 0.3 dS/m) as required. The 1986-87 field experiment was a split design with ESP levels in the main plots and decomposition period in the 40-meter square subplots, with 4 replications. Sesbania seeds were broadcast in 5 cm standing water at 70 kg seed/ha. Sowing was on 13, 20, and 27 May 1986, and 7, 14, and 21 May 1987. Sesbania was harvested at 50 d after seeding, chopped, and incorporated to allow decomposition periods of 0, 1, and 2 wk under submergence. Rice cultivar Jaya was transplanted 15 Jul 1986 and 9 Jul 1987. Submergence was maintained throughout rice growth. The rice crop was fertilized with 150 kg N (Urea), 9 kg Zn/ha. Half the N and all the Zn were applied at transplanting, the remaining N was topdressed in 2 equal splits 3 and 6 wk after transplanting. Rice was harvested 30 Oct 1986 and 31 Oct 1987. Grain yields were significantly improved at all ESP levels when Sesbania had decomposed for 1 wk. Longer than one week decomposition had no significant effect. Although high ESP significantly reduced biomass turnover and N contribution of Sesbania, it had no effect on yield. ESP levels were substantially reduced after harvest.
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