[Effect of individual and combined applications of ethephon, gibberellic acid and calcium chloride on walnut fruits in Serr, Hartley and Franquette cultivars]
1991
Poblete Q, Ingrid Elizabeth
The objective was to evaluate the ethephon effect on walnut fruits and reduce its phytotoxic effect (chlorosis and foliar abscission). Three experiments were performed on three different cultivars Serr (early), Hartley (middle season) and Franquette (late). The GA3 and CaCl2 effect as antagonists to the chemical was also studied. Ethephon applications advanced hull dehiscense six to nine days in all cultivars and accelerated the foliar senescence effect which was more severe in 'Hartley' and 'Franquette'. CaCl2 did not modify the ethephon effects in the leaves, but in 'Franquette' in doses of 3.500 ppm it induced foliar necrosis. GA3 appeared as an antagonist to ethephon in its harvest advancing effect and in doses of 50 ppm it delayed and extended nut harvest. Moreover, it prevented the chlorosis brought about by ethephon, but caused foliar necrosis and abscission. It also delayed autumn defoliation and flowering in the following season. The postharvest characteristics were not affected by ethephon. In 'Franquette', the gibberellic acid produced negative effects in the shell and kernel color, as a consequence of the delayed harvest. On the other hand, the sensory quality of nuts were not modified with the exception of the appearance in the Franquette cv and only when the three chemicals were applied simultaneously
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