Trends in the amino acid content and composition of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during grain filling and ripening
1990
Berecz, K. (Agrartudomanyi Egyetem, Keszthely (Hungary))
The changes taken place in the amino acid content and composition of 2 winter wheat varieties, Martonvasari 5 /Mv 5/ and Martonvasari 8 /Mv 8/, in the course of grain filling and ripening were studied during once-over harvesting. The soil in the experiment was neutral, Ramann's brown forest soil, with an area of 100 m2/plot. Basic fertilization with 80 kg/ha N, 100 kg/ha P2O5, 100 kg/ha K2O was completed with 80 kg/ha N top dressing. Samples were taken every 3-7 days once a moisture content of 70 o/o was reached. Of the essential amino acids, studies were made on threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine and arginine. In the course of grain development there are both quantitative and qualitative changes in the amino acid content and composition of the grains. At a grain moisture content of 70 o/o, 40-60 o/o of the lysine has already accumulated in the grain. Throughout the development process glutamic acid was present in the grain in the highest quantity, while after full ripening proline accumulated to the greatest extent. By the waxy ripening stage the quantity of amino acids approached or exceeded that measured in fully ripe grains; thus from the point of view of amino acid content, there is nothing to prevent harvesting after waxy ripening. The amino acid accumulation of the 2 varieties showed year and genetic differences similar to those observed for N accumulation.
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