Development of patchouly crops research
1990
Wikardi, E.A. | Asman, A. | Wahid, P. (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor (Indonesia))
Patchouly (Pogostemon cablin) is an important essential oil crop in Indonesia. The value of export earning of patchouly oil is amounted of US$13.6 million yearly equal to some 40 percent of the total of Indonesia essential oil export earning. For this commodity Indonesia share of the world supply was around 90 percent, whereas 70 percent derived from Aceh province. Other wise, good prospect of its export was not yet followed by good development programme and many problems were facing in its cultural practices included pest and diseases as well as socio-economic problems. More difficulties is facing encouraging and extension servicing because of the farmers shifting cultivation practices. This practice also brought a serious problem in soil conservation. The farmers did not know that patchouly could be grown at same area for quite long time under intensive cultivation on the suitable area. If has been proved that, quality and oil content of patchouly is not only determined by variety but also by location of plantation and cultivation in sensity. Methods of cropping and leaf processing were also determine the quality and yield of oil. In order to get maximum yield special attention should be given to method of pruning, time interval and part of pruning and drying. More over, cultivation practices after harvesting should also be given special attention because they have a paramount important to the quality and yield. In processing; intensity of heat, duration and technique of distainer also determine the yield and quality of oil produce. (Author)
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