Strategies for integrated cotton pest control in the Sudan. 1 - Cultural and legislative measures
1991
El Tigani, M.A. El | Ahmed, M.A. (Agricultural Research Corp., Wad Medani (Sudan))
Cotton production in Sudan has been faced with a multitude of entomological and pathological problems, some of which were tackled through the adoption of specific cultural practices or enforcement of legislative regulations. When insecticides were initially used in the mid 1940s against Empoasca lybica de Berg, the impressive preliminary results encouraged over-reliance on chemical control at the expense of other measures. This rather limited approach of control strategy has contributed partially to the appearance of new pests in damaging levels e.g. Heliothis armigera (Hbn.), Bemisia tabaci (Genn), Aphis gossypii (Glov) and Spodoptera littoralis. The principal measure for their control is insecticide application. Since 1978 researchers are directing their efforts towards the development and implementation of integrated pest management strategies to include cultural and legislative measures, as well as the use of more selective insecticides
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