Cereal improvement program. Annual report for 1989
1990
This report highlights the Program's activities over the 1988/89 cropping season. Promising advanced barley lines were selected by NARS in several sites. Eight new barley varieties were released in 1989 and late 1988. Hull-less and early lines of barley were developed and included in nurseries for further testing and future distribution to NARS. Multilocational testing was instrumental in characterizing wheat germplasm and designing targeted crosses for resistance to abiotic (drought, cold, and heat) and biotic (diseases and insect pests) stresses prevailing in the major agroecological zones of WANA. Durum wheat lines Omrabi 5, Belikh 2, and Lahn and bread wheat lines Nesser and GV/Ald's performed well. Drought and cold tolerant winter and facultative wheat germplasm was identified through screening for drought in Syria and Turkey. Germplasm pools for resistance to septoria, common bunt, wheat stem sawfly, aphids, and hessian fly were assembled and furnished to collaborators. Doubled haploid (DH) plants of barley and wheat were produced using anther culture and intergeneric or interspecific hybridization. Wheat cultivars with 1B/1R translocation was suitable for DH production through anther culture. A wheat-maize crossing technique was developed using an application of 2,4-D to wheat spikes following wheat pollination with maize. Collaboration with NARS and training activities are presented
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