Wheat breeding for better efficiency in phosphorus use
1990
Rosa, O.S. (Brazilian Agricultural Research Enterprise, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Trigo) | Camargo, C.E.O. (Campinas Agronomic Institute, Campinas, Sao Paulo (Brazil). Rice and Winter Cereals Section)
Brazilian research has shown large wheat yield responses to phosphorus (P) fertilization. However, in acid soils with high aluminum and manganese contents, a significant proportion of applied P is unavailable to plants. The Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC) and the National Research Center for Wheat (CNPT) are breeding wheat cultivars for more efficient P utilization. By working with the nutrient in both solutions and soils, it is possible to characterize wheat cultivars for different responses in relation to this character. The experiments developed in nutrient solutions allow the differentiation between P-efficient and P-inefficient cultivars within 15 days. The breeding program developed under field conditions has been successful in transferring the P-efficiency trait from the Brazilian cultivar Toropi to lines adapted to other production regions. The characteristic of greater P uptake in Toropi has been shown to be due to a larger root system that, in acid soils with high aluminum content, allows the plant to explore a greater quantity of soil, which permits the use of P that, apparently, would be unavailable to other genotypes
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