Effects of seed bed preparation and chemical weed control in non-flooded rice field
1992
Airoldi, G.F. | Balsari, P. (Torino Univ. degli Studi (Italy). Inst. di Meccanica Agraria) | Bocchi, S. | Ferrero, A. | Tano, F.
In Italy rice is cultivated on 200.000 ha, mostly direct-seeded on flooded soils. In order to test some new agronomic and mechanic techniques allowing irrigated rice cultivation, the field experiments here described were carried out during the two seasons 1989 and 1990. By using the cv. Prometo, different types of land preparation (tillage versus no tillage during 1989; tillage, no-tillage, no-tillage with straw covering the soil during 1990) and three types of weed control (pre-emergence, postemergence, pre-emergence plus postemergence) were compared. The crop, mainly because of soil moist deficit during the first phases and for the low tillering, generally reached low density. The chemical treatments influenced in different ways the grain yield: the effectiveness of the pre-emergence ones was lower probably due to the soil humidity deficit which negatively affected the activity of the used chemicals (Pendimethalin plus Thiobencarb); the trend was more clear in the plowed plots; the effectiveness of the postemergence treatment, generally higher than the previous ones, was related to the development stage of the weeds. In our field conditions the types of land preparation did not significantly affect the yield. The grain production of the both seasons was more strictly correlated with the number of panicles/square meter than with the number of spikelets/ panicle and the grain weight.
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