Control of chalkbrood disease: in vitro and in vivo studies [Ascosphaera aggregata]
1991
Jenko, M. | Zeba, L. | Kovacevic, A. | Sulimanovic, D. (Zagreb Univ. (Yugoslavia). Veterinary Faculty)
Recently chalkbrood disease spreaded over several European countries including Yugoslavia. According to the register of the Central Bee Disease Laboratory at Veterinary Faculty University of Zagreb, the first case of chalkbrood disease was diagnosed 1976. Seven years later, Tomac et al. (1983) reported that chalkbrood had spread to many parts of Yugoslavia, and it often appeared even in the southern, warm and dry area. It was established that the main reason for the spread of chalkbrood disease is weakness of bee colonies from the unavoidable treatments with acaricides against Varroa disease. Now chalkbrood disease becomes common in our apiaries, in some districts the disease have an epizootic form, and the percentage of the diseased colonies is rather high (10-90 %). The level of disease is rather difficult to present. In our experiments we used the special traps for chalkbrood mummies, and we counted the number of mummies catching per day. The data about the number of chalkbrood mummies collected at one apiary with 60 bee colonies are presented. The numbers of daily collected chalkbrood mummies per bee colony are from 0 to 220. The chemical treatments become an unavoidable method of fighting against the chalkbrood disease. In this report we present our in vitro and in vivo studies to control the chalkbrood disease.
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