Soil Fertility Management Studies on Wheat in Ethiopia
1991
Asnakew Woldeab | Tekaligne Mamo (Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Debre Zeit (Ethiopia))
In soil fertility trials carried out since 1966 at Holetta, on red and black soils, both nitrogen and phosphors significantly affected wheat grain yield. The highest wheat yields were obtained with the application of 60 kg N and 60 kg P2O5/ha. Farmyard manure (FYM), bone meal, and blood meal were effective sources of plant nutrients. The application of 12 t/ha of FYM gave yields comparable to 100 kg/ha of diammonium phosphate. Green mauring improved soil fertility status and increased the efficiency of applied nutrients. Yield increased three-fold without the use of fertilizer when a green manure crop such as vetch was plowed under at the flowering stage. Response to N and P were higher on the vetch-wheat plots, indicating increased efficiency as a result of green manuring. Studies on N application timing on Nitosols at Holetta and Vertisols at Ginchi showed that application of 50 percent of the total N at sowing and the rest at full tillering stage significantly increased grain yield as well as the protein content of wheat.
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