Pathological Research on Noug, Linseed, Gomenzer and Rapeseed in Ethiopia
1992
Yitbarek Semeane
This paper reports on 17 diseases of noug of which 15 are caused by fungi, 1 by a bacterium, and 1 by a nematode. Among these shot-hole (Septoria guizotia), stem and leaf blight (Alternaria spp.) and powdery mildew (Oidium spp.) are most widely distributed. Evaluation of fungicides for the control of shot-hole showed that the fungicides Polyram DF and Tilt 250EC reduced the disease and resulted in a non-significant yield advantage of 5.4 to 9.9 per cent. On linseed, 10 diseases, all caused by fungi, are reported. Of these, pasmo (Septoria linicola), wilt/rootrot (Fusarium sp./Rhizoctonia solan) and powdery mildew (Odium spp.) are the most widely distributed diseases. Studies on the identification of genotypes resistant to wilt/root rot has been conducted on sick plots since 1973 over 100 lines identified as resistant to the disease, some of which are released for production. Moreover, there are 13 fungi, 1 virus, and 1 bacterium diseases reported on gomenzer and rapeseed. Of these, leaf-and pod-spot (Alternaria brassicae), white rust (Albugo candida), powdery mildew (Peronospora parasitica), and blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) are most widely distributed. On both gomenzer and rapeseed 11 fungicides were evaluated to control leaf-and pod-spot. The fungicides Bordeaux, Bayleton and Mistral reduced incidence of the disease on both species. Although not significant, a yield loss of 6 to 14 per cent was observed.
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