Influence of chromosome substitution and cytoplasm on grain character and malting quality in hexaploid triticale
1991
Shigenaga, S. | Lersrutaiyotin, R. (Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Hsan, S.A. (Mandalay University, Mandalay (Myanmar). Department of Botany)
The substitution of chromosome 6R by chromosome 6D in hexaploid triticale resulted in high test weight and protein content, and low alpha-amylase activity and starch content. The 1R chromosome seems to promote protein content, while the 2R chromosome enhanced alpha-amylase activity. The highest alpha-amylase activity was observed when chromosomes 2R, 3R and 4R were substituted by chromosomes 2D, 3D and 4D, respectively, while the lowest was when 2R and 3R were substituted by 2D and 3D, respectively. Triticum aestivum cytoplasm promoted test weight, grain size, hardness and glassiness, while T. turgidum cytoplasm promoted flour yield and alpha-amylase activity. Triticale malt produced from cultivars with complete type for R-genome chromosomes showed higher diastatic power, malt extract and extract yield than those of the substituted type. Higher diastatic power and lower malt extract and extract yield were observed in the malt produced from cultivars with turgidum cytoplasm than with aestivum cytoplasm
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