Sapindaceae saponins
1993
Delaude, C.
The Sapindaceae (soapnut Family), a tropical and subtropical woody family, are represented by some 1700 species. The Sapindaceae are now divided into two subfamilies, Sapindoideae and Dodonaeoideae, thirteen tribes and about 137 genera. Sapindaceae generally contain saponins. Sapindus fruits have been used in tropical countries to clean fabrics and kill fish since the earliest antiquity. At the beginning of this century, those fruits were used in industry to clean some fabrics. Owing to their importance for industry, the saponins contained in Sapindus were studied early and they have been the subject of many a work. To our present knowledge, the saponins from 31 species of Sapindaceae, spread over twenty genera have been studied. Hederagenin is the most common genin among Sapindoideae. In this subfamily, genins not very oxygenated are a feature which its species have in common. On the contrary Dodonaeoideae genins are most often very oxygenated triterpenoids. The data that have been so far collected show that going on with the chemical study of saponins from Sapindaceae could lead taxonomists to re-examine and discuss again the relationship between the taxonomical groups that make up the Sapindaceae family or that have been separated from it to distinct families.
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