Jordan wild mushrooms; their ecology, distribution, classification and toxicity
1991
Saba, E.F.
Two hundred and seventeen mushroom samples were collected from fifteen different localities in Jordan between Oct first 1987 and the end of Mar 1988. 60% of samples were collected during Jan 1988. Identification of these samples revealed the existance of fifty six different species mostly belonging to Basidiomycetes. University of Jordan Campus locality was considered to be the richest; forty two samples (19.4%) were collected from this location alone, comprising thirteen different species. Panaelous ater (7.4%), Lepista irina and Boletus badius (6.9%) and Clitocybe rivulosa were the most abundant species among the collected samples. One hundred and twelve samples (51.6%), comprising thirty seven species (66%) were found to grow on litter substrates. The rest were found to grow on soil substrates. High nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture and organic matter concentrations were essential factors for mushroom growth in soil substrates. Also loam soil and alkaline pH were suitable for mushroom growth. More than twelve percent of the identified wild mushroom species were found to be edible, yet it is not advisable to ingest any type of wild mushroom without prior classification and conducting toxicological studies. LD 50 of Clitocybe phallophila was determined and found to be 4.84 mg/kg
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