Studies on the factor of existence in Allium chinense guessed from elimination of the constitution of chromosomes
1990
Ohi, M. (Shinshu Univ., Minamiminowa, Nagano (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture)
The production of chromosome eliminated calliclones in Allium chinense (4X) by PFP treatment is attempted. As a result, many triploid individuals were obtained. These redifferentiate individuals were chimera including aneuploid immediately after domestication. However, most of individuals became triploid after 10 months. Using triploid individuals that were produced, the production of calliclones by PFP treatment was attempted. As a result, all of the redifferentiate individuals were triploid that there is not a change of the chromosome number. It became obvious that tetraproid is allo-tetraproid from C-bands compared with tetraploid and triploid. However, the allosomes of 4 pairs showed high homology between each 2 pairs. C-bands were compared about several cultivated species to belong Allium. As for Chives and Asatsuki that classified as A. schoenoprasum in both, a part of chromosomes were analogy. It became obvious that both species are allied species. As for A. cepa and A. fistulosum that propagate with seeds, the homologous chromosomes of each 8 pairs were confirmed. On the other hand, as for A. wakegi that is thought as hybrid between these species, all of chromosomes were not homologous chromosomes. It was suggested that it is hybrid. In A. sativum, the homologous chromosomes of 7 pairs and 2 nonhomologous chromosomes were observed. These two nonhomologous chromosomes resembled in C-band. Therefore it was thought that it is hetero-homologous chromosomes. A. tuberosum was composed of the 4 homologous chromosomes of 4 pairs and the 2 homologous chromosomes of 8 pairs. As a result, sterile cultivated species in Allium were classified A. wakegi type, A. sativum type and A. chinense type from karyotypes. It was suggested that the factors of existence in A. chinense and A. tuberosum are common from that were the same allo-tetraploid
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