[The nomads and yaks]
1993
Doyoddorj, D. (Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia))
There are wild (Poephagus grunniens) and domestic (Poephagus domesticus) yak in the world. Mongolia is one of the first countries of the world that domesticated wild yaks. Yaks have long, thick hair and tails. Down hair yield of yaks is 4.3 times, and coarse hair and mid-type hair yield is 2.8-3 times the yield of mongolian cattle. Mongolian cattle has 13 pairs of ribs. Yaks have 14-15 pairs of ribs and one extra vertebra. Therefore they have more meat and other products. The length of pregnancy of yak cows are short (257,5 days) and length of oestrus cycle is 14.9 hours less than that of Mongolian cows. Twin percentage is 1.1 in excellent cattle-breeder's flock and 0.3 in ordinary flocks. Mongols from ancient times commonly use yaks for riding, as pack animals and in harness. Also Mongols have long tradition on processing of yak hides and make different articles, which are commonly in use for daily need of nomads. From yaks hair different articles are produced, which are used for building Mongolian ger (national type of house). Also yak's down is harvested by means of combing to produce different types of clothes
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