Study on the property of crude palm oil and its storage
1985
Sumalai Srikumlaithong | Phitsamai Chenwanitpanchakun | Supatra Munsakul (Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Bangkok (Thailand))
Plam oil industry in Thailand can be classified into 3 categories as follows: 1) Large factories at the capacity over 10 tonnes of fresh fruit bunch per hour with advanced technology widely used throughout the world. 2) Small factories at the capacity lower than 10 tonnes of fresh fruit bunch per hour with technology either adopted from the large factories or dry process. 3) Small factories producing the oil by pressing palm fruit directly. Chemical and physical properties of 5 samples of crude palm oil gathered from the large factories and 4 from the second category were determined. The results showed that their free fatty acid content, moisture and volatile matter and insoluble impurities complied with the market requirement. Apart from two samples of crude palm oil collected from the large factories containing relatively low iodine value, other samples coped with the requirement. Iodine value in 4 samples of mixed palm and palm kernel oil from the small factories were detected to be lower than the requirement due to the interference of palm kernel oil resulting from pressing of palm fruit. The fatty acid composition of crude palm oil was analysed by Gas Liquid Chromatography. The result was as follows: 0.16-0.95 % lauric acid, 1.37-1.67 % myristic acid, 46.22-53.2 % palmitic acid, 3.67-4.35 % stearic acid, 32.86-37.74 % oleic acid and 7.28-10.59 % linoleic acid. After a 12-week storage of crude palm oil with moisture and volatile matter lower than 0.5 %, the storage oil showed no significant difference in the free fatty acid content and iodine value, but their peroxide values were significantly increased. With respect to the free fatty acid content and iodine value, the quality of the storage oil complied with the market requirement.
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