Yield adptation of wheat to a range of temperature conditions
1991
Mashiringwani, N.A. (Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Water Development, Harare (Zimbabwe). Crop Breeding Institute) | Schweppenhauser, M.A. (University of Zimbabwe, Harare (Zimbabwe). Dept. of Crop Science)
Breeding of stable cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. thell.) is important for Zimbabwe where wheat is a high investment crop grown over a wide range of temperatures. This study was conducted to determine the yield adaptation of wheat to a range of temperature conditions in different wheat growing areas in the country. Thirty genetically diverse lines of wheat were grown in a replicated field experiment from 421 to 1 506m. The effects of line and location and of location x year, line x year and line x year x location interactions were highly significant for grain yield. The regression analysis of yield of the 30 lines on mean maximum temperature during pre-anthesis (MAPR) was carried out, with MAPR at each location in each year as the environmental index. Highly significant differences between lines in linear regression slopes were observed. Based on the linear regression slopes, the lines were classified into two groups of temperature sensitivity. The lines were further divided into four classes of adaptation based on the regression slopes, regression intercepts, mean yield over all temperature conditions, and performance under warm conditions. High temperature sensitivity was associated with high grain yield. Three breeding strategies are proposed for yield improvement of wheat under various temperature conditions
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