[Weed control in industrial tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with herbicides applied before and after transplanting]
1994
Apablaza E, Pablo Ulises
During the 1991-91 growing season the efficacy of several herbicide treatments was evaluated in field experiments conducted at Lampa, Metropolitan Region and Santa Cruz, VI Region. Herbicide treatments were as it follows: pendimethalin (1.32 kg ai/ha) alone and in mixture with metribuzin (0.37 kg ai/ha), trifluralin (0.96 kg ai/ha) alone and in mixture with metribuzin (0.37 kg ai/ha), metribuzin alone (0.37 kg ai/ha), and napropamide (2.5 kg ai/ha), and a check without herbicide permanently kept weed-free. All herbicides were applied one week before the tomato cv Peto 86 had been transplanted. The number and fresh weight of the weeds found in each plot were determined and recorded three weeks following transplanting. On that same date, metribuzin was applied to the plots already treated with pendimethalin alone and trifluralin alone. Thereafter, all treatments were hand weeded as needed. The effect of metribuzin applied post-transplanting was measured 30 days following the transplanting operation, as indicated above. Finally, the fruits of each plot were weighed at harvest and the yield was expressed in ton/ha. Outstanding treatments were Pendimethalin + metribuzin, and trifluralin + metribuzin reaching from 80 to 99% of weed control, and reducing over 85% the labor involved in hand weeding, both in Lampa and Santa Cruz. Nevertheless all herbicide treatments required hand weeding. No significant differences were found among treatments concerning yields. This indicates that in both locations the herbicides tested did not produce detectable negative effects to tomato plants. Weed control costs were calculated for each treatment. No clear economic benefit was found between treatments involving only hand weeding (check), and herbicide treatments plus hand weeding
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