Studies on Seed-borne Mycoflora of Wheat in Ethiopia
1994
Paul, Y.S | Bekele Hunde | Mesele Alemu | Melkamu Ayalew (IAR, Addis Abeba (Ethiopia))
Seed-borne mycoflora comprise various storage and field fungi, including plant pathogens. Knowledge of the various fungi associated with seed helps to understand seed quality as well as the possibility of plant diseases being transmitted through seed. Twenty-one wheat seed samples were collected from 7 locations in northwestern Ethiopia, and were subjected to a modified standard blotter test, and germination and accelerated aging vigor tests. Out of a total of 32 fungi recorded, Alternaria tenuis, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer were present in almost all the seed were samples in varying proportions. Various wheat pathogens recorded on seed were Drechslera sativus, Fusarium graminearum, Mycosphaerella graminicola, Septoria nodorum, Tilletia foetida, T. caries, and Puccinia striiformis. Seeds associated with D. sativus either failed to germinate or produced abnormal seedlings. Fusarium and Penicillium species were positively correlated with ungerminated seed and abnormal seedlings, and were negatively correlated with germination percentage. Except Aspergillus species and Fusarium moniliforme, all fungi reduced root and shoot length. Curvularia lunata, Fusarium graminearum, F. roseum and Penicillium species were found to be positively correlated with thousand grain weight and thousand grain volume.
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