Detailed studies on peanut stripe and peanut yellow spot diseases
1987
Sopone Wongkaew | Sumitra Kantrong (Khon Kaen Univ., Khon Kaen (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology)
Three symptom variants of PStV were observed in Tainan 9 groundnut. The variants produced consistent symptoms when reinoculated into the test cultivar. They were designated as "ringspot", "green stripe" and "mild mottle" variants according to the symptoms they induced on Tainan 9 groundnut. The variants produced different symptoms on Chenopodium quinoa and differed in sap transmissibility. By using an indirect ELISA test with a heteroclonal PStV antiserum, saps taken from "green stripe" infecting groundnut had a lower reading than that of the "ringspot" or the "mild mottle" one. Results from an agar-double diffusion serological test indicated that the three variants are PStV, not other viruses. Seed transmission of PStV, in 11 groundnut cultivars were investigated using seeds collected from 100 % PStV infected plants. Infection was detected at 0-7 % in such seedlings. By using an indirect ELISA test, 20 species of legumes found near groundnut growing areas were indexed for PStV. Nine of them were found to harbour PStV. Screening for groundnut cultivars with low PStV incidence was also conducted using natural infection. From 86 lines tested, 35 showed disease incidence less than 20 %, whereas Tainan 9 showed 100 % infection. Among them (MGS-9 x Robut 33-1) 18-3-F6-1 was disease free. Ten additional plant species were found, after being indexed with a homologous antiserum, to harbour peanut yellow spot virus. Roles of these species in the virus epidemiology were discussed.
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