Role of calcium in the responses of renal function during Russell's viper venom administration in dogs
1990
Chollada Buranakarl | Narongsak Chaiyabutr (Chulalongkorn Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Veterinary Science)
Experiments were carried out in twelve male mongrel dogs weighing between 10-17 kg. The animals were divided into 3 groups, four each. Group I, the control group received an intravenous injection of 0.1 mg/kg of Russell's viper venom (RVV). Group II, animals were induced hypocalcemia by parathyroidectomy (Px) prior to RVV administration. Group III, animals were treated with verapamil at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg 30 min. before given RVV. In the parathyroidectomized animal the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF) with a concomitent increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR) were less than those of the control group. The GFR and RBF in verapamil pretreated animals decreased in the greater extent when compared with other groups after envenomation. The parathyroid-intact group (I and III) revealed an elevation of plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration after venom administration. The fractional inorganic phosphorus excretion (FEPi) increased while that of calcium (FECa) decreased. The rate of titratable acid and ammonia excretion/GFR increased which correlated positively with FEPi. These renal behavior did not occur in parathyroidectomized group in which it showed hyperchloremia. The severity of renal failure from impaired renal hemodynamic after RVM was alleviated in the Px group, in contrary to that of verapamil pretreated animals which showed further aggravation. Elevation of PTH hormone was speculated after envenomation, which coincided with an increase in acid excretion. This evidence was supported by the occurence of hyperchloremic acidosis in parathyroidectomized animals after envonomation.
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