Micropropagation of Theobroma cacao for germplasm conservation and distribution
1993
Figueira, A. | Janick, J. (Purdue Univ., West Lafayette (USA). Dept. of Horticulture)
In vitro approaches to germplasm conservation and distribution have not been applicable because cacao is considered recalcitrant in respect to tissue culture. High carbon dioxide levels (20,000 ppm) induce normal growth and development of axillary shoots from single-node cuttings and allow successful subculturing and regeneration. Ambient carbon dioxide conditions may act as an inhibitor of growth decreasing frequency of subculturing, storage, distribution and rapid propagation of valuable germplasm should be improved using in vitro grown shoots alternating high and low carbon dioxide. Somatic embryogenesis has been obtained from sporophytic tissues, and reliable somatic conversion into seedlings can be promoted using high carbon dioxide Nucellus, collected from immature pods have less contamination and can be used for germplasm collection in the wild. Somatic embryos from nucellus should be identical to the mother plant and could be useful for germplasm exchange and micropropagation.
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